7 Characteritics Of Living Things Flashcards
What is the function of the nucleus?
-Controls the cell’s activities
-the “brain” of the cell
-contains chromosomes which -contains millions of genes (hereditary information)
What is the function if cytoplasm?
Jelly like substance that contains the organelles
What is the function of the cell membrane?
-Surrounds and protects the cell
-controls exchanges between the inside and the outside of the cell
What is mitochondria?
-powerhouse of the cell
-makes energy for the cells to use and our bodies to use through cellular respiration
-takes in oxygen and sugar
What are 4 features of plant cells?
1- have straight edges (square/rectangle)
2- cell wall
3- large vacuole
4- chloroplasts
What is a vacuole?
-Large water sac
- store nutrients, waste and water in cells
Plant cells have how many protective layer?
-2 protective layers on top of cellular membrane called the cell wall.
What are chloroplasts?
They are responsible for photosynthesis found on plant cells.
The production of energy using light from the sun,
Contains chlorophyll which gives plants their green colour.
Hereditary traits are able to:
Be passed down through generations
What is a gene?
It is a unit of hereditary information that occupies a specific place within a chromosome.
How many genes does a human cell have?
30,000
How are genes passed down?
From parents to offspring
What are chromosomes?
Condensed DNA which contains the hereditary information (genes), and is found within the nucleus of a cell.
How many chromosomes do humans have?
23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total)
All cells in a living organism have the same number of chromosomes except for which cell?
Sex cells
How many chromosomes do sex cells have?
23 chromosomes in total
What is Diffusion?
It is a movement of solute particles (ex: Oxygen and carbon dioxide)from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
-Goal- to equalize and balance the concentration
What is Osmosis?
It is a movement of solvent (generally water) from an area low concentration to an area of low concentration
-Goal- to equalize and balance the concentration
What is the input of the cell?
A substance that enters the cell.
What is the output of the cell?
It is substance that leaves the cell.
What is photosynthesis?
A chemical reaction in the chloroplasts that uses energy from the sun, carbon dioxide, and water to make glucose and oxygen.
What is cellular respiration?
A chemical reaction in the mitochondria where glucose and oxygen are used to make energy, carbon dioxide and water.
Animal cell has a large vacuole or small vacuole?
Small vacuole
A plant cell has a large vacuole or a small vacuole?
Large vacuole
