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GCSE Physics (edexcel) > 7) Astronomy > Flashcards

7) Astronomy Flashcards

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1
Q

Astronomy:

How many planets are in the solar system?

A

8

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2
Q

Astronomy:

What is the circular motions of which plants go around the sun called?

A

Orbit

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3
Q

Astronomy:

As you go further from the sun do orbits get longer or shorter?

A

Longer

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4
Q

Astronomy:

Moons are natural __________ that orbit a planet.

A

Satellites

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5
Q

Astronomy:

For a planet to be classified as ‘dwarf’ it has to have a ____ _____________ _____.

A

Weak gravitational field

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6
Q

Astronomy:

On average how many dwarf planets are there in the solar system?

A

Hundreds

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7
Q

Astronomy:

Asteroids have to have what shaped orbit to be classified?

A

Egg shape/ oval (highly elliptical)

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8
Q

Astronomy:

What kind of materials are asteroids made up from?

A

Metals and rocky materials

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9
Q

Astronomy:

What planets is the asteroid belt between?

A

Mars and jupiter

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10
Q

Astronomy:

Where is the kuiper belt situated?

A

Past neptune

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11
Q

Astronomy:

What are comets made from?

A

Rocky material, dust and ice

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12
Q

Astronomy:

What is the difference between a comet and an asteroid?

A

-Made from different materials.

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13
Q

Astronomy:

What do comets do while approaching the sun?

A

Vaporise

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14
Q

Astronomy:

What gives the comet its distinctive tail?

A

The materials it’s made from heating up and turning into a gas

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15
Q

Astronomy:

What is the definition of weight?

A

Weight is how heavy you are dependant on a gravitational field strength.

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16
Q

Astronomy:

How do you calculate weight?

A

Weight = Mass x gravitational field strength

17
Q

Astronomy:

What is the gravitational field strength of earth?

A

9.8 N/Kg

18
Q

Astronomy:

If an apple has a mass of 100g what is its weight on mars (3.7 N/Kg)?

A

Weight = 0.37N

19
Q

Astronomy:

What is the weight of a 30kg dog on the Moon (g = 1.7 N/Kg)?

A

Weight = 51N

20
Q

Astronomy:

What is gravitational field strength measured in?

A

Newtons per kilogram (N/Kg)

21
Q

Astronomy:

What is weight measured in?

A

Newtons (N)

22
Q

Astronomy:

What is mass measured in?

A

Kilogram (Kg)

23
Q

Astronomy:

What did Ptolemy’s model of the solar system have?

A

The Earth at the centre of it

24
Q

Astronomy:

Nicolas Copernicus changed what about ptolemy’s solar system model?

A

He put the sun as the centre of it

25
Q

Astronomy:

What invention backed up Nicolas’s diagram of the solar system?

A

The telescope

26
Q

Astronomy:

When was Pluto discovered?

A

1930

27
Q

Astronomy:

When did Pluto get reclassified to a dwarf planet?

A

2006

28
Q

Astronomy:

If an object in orbit it travelling too fast what happens?

A

It’s orbit is too weak and it’s sent off into space

29
Q

Astronomy:

What happens if the orbit of an object it too weak?

A

The gravitational attraction is too strong and it will fall back to the planet

30
Q

Astronomy:

What is a stable orbit?

A

Where the object orbiting travels a fixed path and spirals the earth

31
Q

Astronomy:

When an object moves in an orbit at a constant speed what happens to its direction?

A

It’s constantly changing

32
Q

Astronomy:

When an object in orbit changes direction, even if at a constant speed, what does this cause?

A

An acceleration

33
Q

Astronomy:

An object in orbit will only accelerate if it has?

A

A centripetal force

34
Q

Astronomy:

As the planets get further away from the sun what decreases between the 2?

A

The gravitational attraction

35
Q

Astronomy:

If a planet is closer to the sun and has more of a gravitational attraction to it, what else is also increased?

A

The acceleration of the planet

36
Q

Astronomy:

What are the 2 types of orbit for artificial satellites?

A

Polar orbits

Geostationary orbits

37
Q

Astronomy:

Are polar orbits or geostationary orbits larger?

A

Geostationary orbits

38
Q

Astronomy:

Do polar orbits or geostationary orbits travel slower?

A

Geostationary orbits

39
Q

Astronomy:

How long to geostationary orbits take to orbit the earth?

A

24 Hours

GCSE Physics (edexcel) (15 decks)

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