7-8

Question 1

refers to the inherent uncertainty associated with any measurement, even after care has been taken to minimize preventable mistakes

Answer 1

Measurement Error

Question 2

Preventable mistake and mistake that we can’t control

Answer 2

Measurement Error

Question 3

consists of unpredictable
fluctuations and inconsistencies of other variables in the measurement proces

Answer 3

Random Error

Question 4

Chance difference between the observed and true value

Answer 4

Random

Question 5

terms that refer to variation among items within a test as well as to
variation among items between tests

Answer 5

Item sampling and content sampling

Question 6

the interviewers may
not have been trained properly, the wording in the
questionnaire may have been ambiguous, or the items may
have somehow been biased to favor one or another of the
candidates.

Answer 6

Methodological Error

Question 7

influence test scores in a
consistent direction. Systematic errors either
consistently inflate scores or consistently deflate
scores. Once a —— becomes known, it
becomes predictable—as well as fixable

Answer 7

Systematic Error

Question 8

terms that refer to
variation among items within a test as well as to variation
among items between tests.

Answer 8

Item sampling or content sampling,

Question 9

the measuring by using the same
instrument to measure the same thing at two points in time,
and the result of such an evaluation is an estimate of

Answer 9

Test retest

Question 10

an estimate of reliability obtained
by correlating pairs of scores from the same people on two
different administrations of the same test.

Answer 10

Test retest

Question 11

an estimate of reliability obtained
by correlating pairs of scores from the same people on two
different administrations of the same test.

Answer 11

Test retest

Question 12

The degree of the relationship
between various forms of a test

Answer 12

Coefficient of Equivalence

Question 13

refers to an estimate of the extent
to which item sampling and other errors have affected test
scores on versions of the same test when, for each form of the test, the means and variances of observed test scores
are equa

Question 14

is a statistic that quantifies reliability, ranging from
0 (not at all reliable) to 1 (perfectly reliable)

Answer 14

Reliability

Question 15

refers to the inherent uncertainty
associated with any measurement, even after care has been
taken to minimize preventable mistakes.

Answer 15

Measurement Error

Question 16

is a consistent or proportional difference between the
observed and true values of something (e.g., a miscalibrated scale
consistently registers weights as higher than they actually are

Answer 16

Systematic

Question 17

is a chance difference between the observed and true values
of something (e.g., a researcher misreading a weighing scale records
an incorrect measurement).

Answer 17

Random Error

Question 18

the measurement of a quantity if there were no error at all.

Answer 18

True Score

Question 19

the score on an ability test is presumed to reflect not only the
testtaker’s true score on the ability being measured but also the error.

Answer 19

CTT

Question 20

refers to the component of the observed test score that does not
have to do with the testtaker’s ability.

Answer 20

Error

Question 21

consists of unpredictable fluctuations and
inconsistencies of other variables in the measurement process

Answer 21

Random Error

Question 22

This source of error fluctuates from one testing situation to another
with no discernible pattern that would systematically raise or lower
scores.

Answer 22

Random Error

Question 23

are inconsistent errors that happen by
chance. They are inherently unpredictable and transitory.

Answer 23

Random Error

Question 24

Source of error in measuring a variable that is
typically constant or proportionate to what is presumed to be the true
value of the variable being measured.

Answer 24

Systematic Error

Question 25

room temperature, level of lighting, and amount of
ventilation and noise, for instance. A relentless fly may develop a
tenacious attraction to an examinee’s face. A wad of gum on the seat of
the chair may make itself known only after the testtaker sits down on it.

Answer 25

Test environment

Question 26

variable of interest when evaluating a patient’s
general level of suspiciousness or fear is the patient’s home
neighborhood and lifestyle. Especially in patients who live in and must
cope daily with an unsafe neighborhood, what is actually adaptive fear
and suspiciousness can be misinterpreted by an interviewer as psychotic
paranoia

Answer 26

Event of the day

Question 27

usually contain a disclaimer as to the margin of
error associated with their findings.

Answer 27

Survey and Polls

Question 28

An estimate of reliability obtained by correlating
pairs of scores from the same people on two different administrations of
the same test.

Answer 28

Test retest

Question 29

Most appropriate for variables that should be stable over time, such as
personality, and not appropriate for variables expected to change over
time.

Answer 29

Test retest Reliability

Question 30

For each form of the test, the means and the
variances of observed test scores are equal.

Answer 30

Parallel forms

Question 31

Typically designed to be equivalent with respect to
variables such as content and level of difficulty.

Answer 31

Alternate forms

Question 32

Estimates the extent to which specific sources of variation under defined conditions are contributing to the test
score.

Answer 32

Domain Sampling Theory

Question 33

Based on the idea that a person’s test scores vary from testing to testing because of variables in the testing situatio

Answer 33

Generalizability Theory

Question 34

refers to the intercorrelations
among items within the same test. If the test is designed to
measure a single construct and all items are equally good
candidates to measure that attribute, then there should be a high
correspondence among the items

Answer 34

Internal Consistency

Question 35

range or band of test scores that is likely to
contain the true score. A —— is the mean of your
estimate plus and minus the variation in that estimate.

Answer 35

Confidence Interval

Question 36

A statistical measure that can aid a
test user in determining how large a difference in test scores should be
before it is considered statistically significant.

Answer 36

Standard Error of difference

Question 37

can be used to estimate the extent to which an
observed score deviates from a true score.

Answer 37

Standard error

Question 38

the tool used to estimate or infer the extent to
which an observed score deviates from a true score

Answer 38

Standard Error of Measurement