7 Flashcards
Whats the difference between Bulk chemicals and Fine chemicals
Bulk chemicals are produced on a large scale and in large quantities
Fine chemicals are produced on a small scale, and in smaller quantities
What do chemists do?
Work to research and develop new chemical processes and products
What are feedstocks?
The chemicals a process uses
What can make a process sustainable?
- Renewable feedstocks
- Finding other uses for by-products and disposal of waste
- Social and economic benefits for people
- Reducing the environmental impact of each stage of the process
What are endo and exothermic reactions?
Exothermic - Gives off heat to its surroundings when bonds form
Endothermic - Takes in heat energy from its surroundings when bonds break
What is the activation energy?
The minimum amount of energy required to start a reaction
What are Catalysts?
They increase the rate of reaction, and are not used up in the reaction. An example is a biological catalyst called an enzyme
What happens during a chemical reaction?
Bonds are broken and formed
Where on an element is the relative atomic mass?
At the top (Bigger number)
What are Alkanes?
A family of hydrocarbons
What happens when hydrocarbons burn in air?
They make CO2 and water
What are alcohols?
A family of compounds which contain the functional group -OH
What is fermentation?
A process used to make alcoholic drinks, where yeast turns sugar into ethanol.
What is distillation?
A process that is used to make a dilute solution of ethanol more concentrated
What does fermentation do?
Uses sugar from plants grown as crops
