6th Grade Science Final

Question 1

3 Major Types of Rock

Answer 1

sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic

Question 2

Properties of Minerals

Answer 2

color, streak, luster, cleavage and fracture, density, hardness, special properties

Question 3

What spheres are involved when a volcano erupts?

Answer 3

geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere (Remember: volcanoes can occur under water!)

Question 4

The Layers of the Earth (from the center out)

Answer 4

inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

Question 5

Where do earthquakes usually occur?

Answer 5

near tectonic plate boundaries

Question 6

What are some examples of weathering?

Answer 6

rock breaks apart from temperature change; exfoliation; when animals dig burrows; when plant roots widen a crack in a rock (Remember to think of EXAMPLES, not causes - causes are gravity, temp. change)

Question 7

What are energy waves from an earthquake?

Answer 7

seismic waves

Question 8

What are two types of seismic waves?

Answer 8

body waves and surface waves

Question 9

What are two types of body waves?

Answer 9

P waves (fastest) and S waves

Question 10

Weather

Answer 10

conditions of Earth’s atmosphere at a certain time and place

Question 11

Climate

Answer 11

an area’s long term weather pattern

Question 12

Lithosphere

Answer 12

the solid, outer layer of Earth that consistsof the crust and the rigid, upper part of the mantle

Question 13

Mantle

Answer 13

the layer of rock between Earth’s crust and core; the largest and thickest layer of the earth

Question 14

Tectonic Plates

Answer 14

a block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid outermost part of the mantle; shifting pieces of Earth’s crust

Question 15

Mineral

Answer 15

a natural, usually inorganic solid that has a characteristic chemical composition and an orderly internal structure

Question 16

Weathering

Answer 16

The natural process by which atmospheric and environmental agents such as wind, rain, and temp changes, disintegrate and decompose rocks; gravity

Question 17

Faults

Answer 17

a break in a body of rock along which one block moves relative to another. there are breakes in the crust which form where tectonic plates mee.

Question 18

Divergent Boundaries

Answer 18

the boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other

Question 19

Transform Boundaries

Answer 19

the boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizontally

Question 20

Sedimentary Rock

Answer 20

rock that forms from compressed or cemented layers of sediment; examples - limestone, sandstone; marble is NOT sedimentary rock

Question 21

Igneous Rocks

Answer 21

rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies; example - granite

Question 22

Metamorphic Rock

Answer 22

a rock that forms from other rocks as a result of intense heat, pressure or chemical process

Question 23

Rock

Answer 23

a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter

Question 24

P Waves

Answer 24

pressure waves; fastest body waves; can travel through solid, liquid and gases; from earthquakes

Question 25

S Waves

Answer 25

shear waves; second kind of body wave; moves side to side; cannot travel completely through liquid parts of earth; from earthquakes

Question 26

Outer Core

Answer 26

the liquid layer of Earth’s core; surrounds the inner core and lies beneath the mantle; made up of liquid metals including iron

Question 27

Crust

Answer 27

the thin and solid outermost later of Earth above the mantle; we live on the crust

Question 28

Volcano

Answer 28

a vent or fissure in Earth’s surface through which magma, gases, lava and ash are expelled