6th grade science Flashcards
when you put food into your mouth.
Ingestion
where mechanical and chemical digestion begin.
Ingestion (mouth)
Teeth and Tounge grind food to make it into smaller pieces.
Mechanical digestion
Makes saliva that breaks down food.
salivary glands
The amount of energy in food measured in calories.
Calorie
the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 C.
Calorie
releases the energy from the processed food.
Digestive system
the parts of food used by the body to grow and survive.
Nutrients
5 examples of Nutrients.
proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals
the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use.
Digestion
the four steps of digestion.
ingestion, digestion ,absorption, and elimination
when you chew, mash and grind food with your Teeth and Tounge.
mechanical digestion
break down pieces of food into small molecules.
chemical digestion
when you put food, such as bread, into your mouth.
ingestion
an enzyme, in your mouth, that helps break down carbohydrates.
saliva
a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
esophagus
food moves through the esophagus and the rest of the digestive tract by waves of muscle contractions.
peristalsis
a large, hollow organ that stores food.
stomach
an adult stomach can hold about of food and liquid.
2 liters
enable the stomach to expand and hold large amounts of food.
the folds on the inner wall
the cells in these folds help break down
proteins
the stomach fluid makes the stomach acidic
gastric juice
an enzyme that helps break down the proteins in food into amino acids
pepsin
a long tube that is connected to the stomach. it is about 7 m (23 ft) long.
small intestine
fingerlike projections that cover the folds of the small intestine
villi
nutrients enter the blood through blood vessels in this digestive organ.
small intestine
also known as, the colon.
large intestine
is about 1.5 m (5 ft) long. it has a large diameter (about 5 cm or 2 in) than the small intesine.
large intestine
where water is absorbed, leaving behind semisolid waste.
large intestine
the last section of the large intestine, about 8 inches large
rectum
the final opening or “exit door” of the digestive system
anus
the semisolid waste that is ready to leave the digestive system
feces
removes liquid waste from the body
urinary system
beanshaped organs that filter, or remove, wast from blood
kidneys
ureters from the kidneys deliver liquid waste to this organ that is like a
bladder
liquid waste leaves the body from this small tub that is connected to the bladder
urethra
