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6th Grade Science > 6th Grade Final-2014 > Flashcards

6th Grade Final-2014 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

an organism, such as a fungus or bacterium, that breaks down organisms and returns nutrients to the ecosystem

A

decomposer

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2
Q

an organism that uses sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to create energy-rich food (glucose) in a process called photosynthesis

A

producer

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3
Q

an organism that cannot convert sunlight into energy-rich food; its food comes from eating other organisms

A

consumer

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4
Q

a diagram showing the amount of energy available at each feeding level of a food chain; producers are always on the 1st level

A

energy pyramid

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5
Q

an organism that hunts, kills, and eats another organism

A

predator

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6
Q

an organism that is hunted and eaten by a predator

A

prey

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7
Q

the smallest unit of a living organism that can perform life functions; they vary in shape and function

A

cell

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8
Q

organisms composed of a single cell, such as a bacterium or a paramecium

A

unicellular

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9
Q

organisms composed of many cells, which are specialized to perform specific functions

A

multicellular

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10
Q

simple cells without a true nucleus, such as a single-celled bacteria

A

prokaryotes

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11
Q

complex cells that have an organized nucleus; genetic material is surrounded by a nuclear membrane

A

eukaryotes

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12
Q

states that: all living things are made of cells; cells come from other cells; and cells are the basic unit of life

A

cell theory

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13
Q

tiny organ-like structures inside a cell, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplast

A

organelle

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14
Q

the thin, flexible covering surrounding a cell; it allows substances to move into and out of the cell

A

cell membrane

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15
Q

a clear, thick, jelly-like substance between the cell membrane and the nucleus; it contains many organelles

A

cytoplasm

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16
Q

the control center of the cell; it regulates all activities, including reproduction

A

nucleus

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17
Q

rod-shaped structures that supply energy to cells, often called the powerhouse of the cell

A

mitochondria

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18
Q

contains the green pigment called chlorophyll, needed for photosynthesis

A

chloroplast

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19
Q

the strong, stiff outside covering of pant cells; it provides protection and support to cells

A

cell wall

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20
Q

a sac-like structure in the cytoplasm of the cell that stores water, food, or waste

A

vacuole

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21
Q

the ability to maintain a stable environment, such as temperature, even when the outside environment changes

A

homeostasis

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22
Q

the study of the any interactions between organisms and their environment

A

ecology

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23
Q

the living or once-living organisms in an ecosystem and the organic matter they produce

A

biotic

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24
Q

the nonliving parts of the environment such as, rocks, air, temperature, sunlight, and water

A

abiotic

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25
Q

all things in a given area living, and nonliving, that interact with each other, such as a forest or drop of pond water

A

ecosystem

26
Q

a group of very similar organisms that can mate and reproduce offspring of the same type

A

species

27
Q

all the populations of different species that live in an ecosystem

A

community

28
Q

all the organisms that belong to the same species living in the same area or community

A

population

29
Q

a place where an organism lives; provides food, shelter, water, and other factors needed for survival

A

habitat

30
Q

the unique role an organism plays in an ecosystem, such as the way it survives, eats, and relates to other organisms

A

niche

31
Q

a meat-eating animal with sharp canine teeth, specialized to tear and eat flesh

A

carnivore

32
Q

an animal with teeth specialized to eat both meat and plants

A

omnivore

33
Q

a plant-eating animal with teeth specialized to cut and grind vegetation

A

herbivore

34
Q

a relationship between a parasite and a host; the parasite benefits and the host is harmed

A

parasitism

35
Q

a close relationship between 2 or more species that benefits (or helps) both species

A

symbiosis

36
Q

forces that control the growth of a population; factors include space, water, food, predators, shelter, temperature, or available sunlight

A

limiting factor

37
Q

organisms that can grow on rocks and in harsh conditions, such as lichens, that start the soil-building process

A

pioneer species

38
Q

a biological system that survives, funcitons, and remains productive over time; one that renews and continues

A

sustainable

39
Q

the part of the earth that supports life, including the top portion of the earth’s crust, the atmosphere and surface water

A

biosphere

40
Q

a geographic region that has distinct plants, animal species, and a specific climate, such as a desert

A

biome

41
Q

removal of a forest or stand of trees where the land is converted to a non-forest use, such as a farm, ranch, or for urban use

A

deforestation

42
Q

resources that are constantly recycled or replaced by nature, such as water, plants, or animals

A

renewable resources

43
Q

resources that take hundreds or thousands of years to replace in nature, such as oil, natural gas or coal (fossil fuels)

A

non-renewable resources

44
Q

resources supplied by nature that are almost limitless, such as solar or wind energy

A

inexhaustible resource

45
Q

a species, family, or group that has no remaining living members, usually due to changing conditions

A

extinct

46
Q

the protection and preservation of valuable resources

A

conservation

47
Q

warming that results when solar heat is trapped in the earth’s atmosphere as a result of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases

A

greenhouse effect

48
Q

the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tent to survive and produce more offspring; favorable traits passed to offspring

A

natural selection

49
Q

a structure, behavior, or trait in an organism that helps it to survive in its environment, such as a giraffe’s long neck

A

adaptation

50
Q

the number and type of organisms found within a specific geographic region; the variety in life

A

biodiversity

51
Q

a state of inactivity for certain animals; conserves energy during harsh weather conditions

A

hibernation

52
Q

the seasonal movement of a population of animals from one area to another

A

migration

53
Q

genetic characteristics that are passed from parent to offspring; they are present at birth

A

inherited traits

54
Q

behaviors learned from a parent or from an organism’s environment; they require practice or experience

A

learned behaviors

55
Q

an organism that is unable to manufacture its own food; it obtains nutrients and energy by ingestion or consuming other organisms

A

heterotroph

56
Q

an organism capable of making its own food (glucose) using carbon dioxide, water, and energy from sunlight during photosynthesis

A

autotroph

57
Q

a series of paired statements (yes or no questions) that help to identify or name something

A

dichotomous key

58
Q

multi-cellular organisms in this kingdom obtain food by ingestion; most are motile (move) and reproduce sexually

A

animalia

59
Q

mulit-cellular organisms in this kingdom obtain food by absorption; they recycle dead organic matter to acquire nutrients

A

fungi

60
Q

multi-cellular organisms that have a cell wall and perform photosynthesis; organisms in this kingdom are eukaryotes

A

plantae

6th Grade Science (1 decks)

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