6B: nervous coordination

Question 1

the two main forms of coordination in animals as a whole are

Answer 1

• nervous system
• hormonal system

Question 2

nervous system

Answer 2

• uses nerve cells to pass electrical impulses along their length
• they stimulate their target cells by secreting chemicals (neurotransmitters) directly on to them
• this results in rapid communication between specific parts of an organism
• the responses produced are often short - lived + restricted to a localised region of the body

Question 3

hormonal system

Answer 3

• produces chemicals (hormones) that are transported in the blood plasma to their target cells
• the target cells have specific receptors on their cell-surface members + the change in concentration of hormones stimulates them
• this results in slower, less specific form of communication between parts of an organism
• the responses are often long- lasting + widespread

Question 4

look at table to see nervous vs hormonal communication

Question 5

neurones

Answer 5

neurones are nerve cells which a specially adapted to carry nerve impulses (electrochemical changes) to one part of the body to another

Question 6

3 types of neurones

Answer 6

-sensory neurones
-motor neurones
-intermediate / relay neurones

Question 7

sensory neurones

Answer 7

transmit nerve impulses from a receptor to an intermediate / motor neurone . They have one dendron that is often very long . It carries the impulse towards the cell body + one axon that carries it away from the cell body

Question 8

motor neurones

Answer 8

transmit nerve impulses from an intermediate or relay neurone to an effector , such as a gland or a muscle . Motor neurones have a long axon and many short dendrites

Question 9

intermediate / relay neurones

Answer 9

transmit impulses between neurones, for example, from sensory to motor neurones. They have numerous short processes