6B - Acquired Brain Injuries Flashcards
What functioning does an ABI effect?
A person’s biological, psychological and social functioning.
What is an Acquired Brain Injury (ABI)
All types of brain injuries that occur after birth.
What are the 2 catagories of ABI’s?
Traumatic Brain Injury and Non-Traumatic Brain Injury
What is a Traumatic Brain Injury? Give examples.
damage to the brain caused by an external force (e.g. accident, sports, assaults)
What is a Non - Traumatic Brain Injury? Give examples.
damage to the brain caused by internal factors, such as a lack of oxygen or tumour (e.g. stroke, tumour, aneurysm, hypoxia, substance abuse)
What are the 3 types of Traumatic Brain Injuries?
- Direct Impact Injury
- Acceleration - Deceleration injury
- Shock Wave Injury
Give examples of a Direct Impact Injury?
Soccer Ball hits a head or Head hits floor or another head.
What is a Acceleration - Deceleration Injury? Give examples.
a form of head injury caused by the head suddenly being placed into motion or abruptly stopped. An example is a car accident.
What is a Shock Wave Injury? Give examples.
energy from explosive, transmits shock waves is into the brain, causing injury. Example: Explosions?
Give 5 Biological effects of an ABI.
- Poor Balance
- Fatigue
- Impaired Sensory Functioning (Loss of vision/hearing disturbances).
- Muscle Weakness
- Tremors
- Arthritis
- Headaches
- Seizures
- Chronic Pain
- Slurred or slowed speech
- Bladder Problems
- Hormone imbalance
- Sleep disturbances
Give 5 Psychological effects of an ABI.
- Memory Loss
- Slowed thinking
- Confusion
- Poor attention and concentration
- Reduced ability to plan, organize and problem solve
- Inflexible thinking
- Poor Judgement
- Lack of initiative or motivation
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Emotional instability
- Irritability
- Short - temperedness
- Personality changes
- Impaired self - awareness
- Self-centeredness
- Negative self-talk
Give 5 Social effects of an ABI.
- Impaired social skills
- Impaired ability to communicate with others such that others.
- Socially inappropriate behavior.
- Difficulty following social rules and conventions, such as yelling, interrupting, asking personal questions or an inability to take turns.
- Aggressive verbal or physical behavior.
- Difficulty relating to others
- Loss of confidence or self esteem
- Impulsivity
- Loosing touch with friends or changed relationships.
- Isolation
- Trouble relating to others or feeling misunderstood
- Poor ability to manage conflict.
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What part of the brain is damaged to cause Aphasia? and what cause?
Usually the result of damage to the left hemisphere of the brain, most typically from a stroke, but it can also be due to TBI, tumours or other diseases.
Symptoms of Aphasia (6)
- Trouble Speaking Clearly
- Trouble Understanding Speech
- Trouble Writing Clearly
- Trouble Understanding Written Words
- Trouble Remembering Words
- Trouble Remembering Object Names.
