6B - Acquired Brain Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

What functioning does an ABI effect?

A

A person’s biological, psychological and social functioning.

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2
Q

What is an Acquired Brain Injury (ABI)

A

All types of brain injuries that occur after birth.

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3
Q

What are the 2 catagories of ABI’s?

A

Traumatic Brain Injury and Non-Traumatic Brain Injury

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4
Q

What is a Traumatic Brain Injury? Give examples.

A

damage to the brain caused by an external force (e.g. accident, sports, assaults)

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5
Q

What is a Non - Traumatic Brain Injury? Give examples.

A

damage to the brain caused by internal factors, such as a lack of oxygen or tumour (e.g. stroke, tumour, aneurysm, hypoxia, substance abuse)

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6
Q

What are the 3 types of Traumatic Brain Injuries?

A
  • Direct Impact Injury
  • Acceleration - Deceleration injury
  • Shock Wave Injury
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7
Q

Give examples of a Direct Impact Injury?

A

Soccer Ball hits a head or Head hits floor or another head.

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8
Q

What is a Acceleration - Deceleration Injury? Give examples.

A

a form of head injury caused by the head suddenly being placed into motion or abruptly stopped. An example is a car accident.

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9
Q

What is a Shock Wave Injury? Give examples.

A

energy from explosive, transmits shock waves is into the brain, causing injury. Example: Explosions?

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10
Q

Give 5 Biological effects of an ABI.

A
  • Poor Balance
  • Fatigue
  • Impaired Sensory Functioning (Loss of vision/hearing disturbances).
  • Muscle Weakness
  • Tremors
  • Arthritis
  • Headaches
  • Seizures
  • Chronic Pain
  • Slurred or slowed speech
  • Bladder Problems
  • Hormone imbalance
  • Sleep disturbances
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11
Q

Give 5 Psychological effects of an ABI.

A
  • Memory Loss
  • Slowed thinking
  • Confusion
  • Poor attention and concentration
  • Reduced ability to plan, organize and problem solve
  • Inflexible thinking
  • Poor Judgement
  • Lack of initiative or motivation
  • Anxiety
  • Depression
  • Emotional instability
  • Irritability
  • Short - temperedness
  • Personality changes
  • Impaired self - awareness
  • Self-centeredness
  • Negative self-talk
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12
Q

Give 5 Social effects of an ABI.

A
  • Impaired social skills
  • Impaired ability to communicate with others such that others.
  • Socially inappropriate behavior.
  • Difficulty following social rules and conventions, such as yelling, interrupting, asking personal questions or an inability to take turns.
  • Aggressive verbal or physical behavior.
  • Difficulty relating to others
  • Loss of confidence or self esteem
  • Impulsivity
  • Loosing touch with friends or changed relationships.
  • Isolation
  • Trouble relating to others or feeling misunderstood
  • Poor ability to manage conflict.
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13
Q

skip

A

.

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14
Q

What part of the brain is damaged to cause Aphasia? and what cause?

A

Usually the result of damage to the left hemisphere of the brain, most typically from a stroke, but it can also be due to TBI, tumours or other diseases.

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15
Q

Symptoms of Aphasia (6)

A
  • Trouble Speaking Clearly
  • Trouble Understanding Speech
  • Trouble Writing Clearly
  • Trouble Understanding Written Words
  • Trouble Remembering Words
  • Trouble Remembering Object Names.
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16
Q

2 Types of Aphasia

A

Broca’s and Wenicke’s

17
Q

What does Broca’s Aphasia effect?

A

Fluency and Repetition

18
Q

What does Wernicke’s Aphasia effect?

A

Comprehension and Repetition