68 Clinical: Neurodegenerative Disorders Flashcards
1
Q
Clinical Exam
- What is the grading system for motor strength?
A

2
Q
Clinical Exam
- How are deep tendon reflexes grades?
A

3
Q
Clinical Exam
- Give the nerve root supply as well as the name of the nerve for the following reflexes
- Facial Reflex
- Jaw
- Upper Limb Reflexes
- Bicep
- Brachioradialus
- Triceps
- Finger
- Lower Limb Reflexes
- Knee Jerk
- Ankle
- Facial Reflex
A

4
Q
Clinical Exam
- What are the 6 signs of an Upper Motor Neuron Lesion?
A

5
Q
Clinical Exam
- What are the 6 signs of an Lower Motor Neuron Lesion?
A

6
Q
Neurodegenerative Dementia
- What are the 4 major types that Ziebarth wants us to know?
A

7
Q
Alzheimer’s
- How common is this, among other forms of dementia?
- What age does this usually start at?
- What 2 types of pathophysiology are seen?
- What are the 4 risk factors, aside from genetics?
- Genetics
- What 3 gene mutations are associated with this, and what chromosomes are the genes on?
A

8
Q
Alzheimer’s
- What is shown in these two brain tissue slides?

A

9
Q
Alzheimer’s
- Cinical Presentation
- How does early-stage AD present?
- What would a patient most liekly have more of: AB plaques or Tau tangles?
- How does late-stage AD present?
- What would a patient most liekly have more of: AB plaques or Tau tangles?
- How does early-stage AD present?
A

10
Q
Alzheimer’s
- What is memantine commonly combined with?
A
donepezil
11
Q
Vascular Dementia
- How common is this?
- What are the 4 most common Risk Factors?
A

12
Q
Vascular Dementia
- How does this start?
- How do patients present?
- What are the goals of treatment?
A

13
Q
Frontotemporal Dementia aka Pick’s Disease
- When do people get this?
- What type of pathophysiolgoy does it have, and what does it NOT have?
- What are the 2 biggest risk factos?
A

14
Q
Frontotemporal Dementia aka Pick’s Disease
- What are the 3 varients of this condition?
- Give the notable strucutres that are affected?

A

15
Q
Frontotemporal Dementia aka Pick’s Disease
- Give the clinical presentation for the behavioral variant of this condition
A

16
Q
Frontotemporal Dementia aka Pick’s Disease
- Tx
- What drugs are ineffective?
- What is the goal of treatment?
A

17
Q
Lewy Body Dementia
- When do patients get this?
- Where do lewy bodies show up?
- What are the biggest risk factors?
- What genes may have mutations in them?

A

18
Q
Lewy Body Dementia
- Clinical presentation
- What 4 things do these patients present with?
A

19
Q
Lewy Body Dementia
- TX
- What drug will cause worse psychiatric issues?
- What is the main class of drugs to sue for treatment?
A

20
Q
Prion Disease
- What 2 notable human disease did we cover?
- What 2 notable animal disease did we cover?
A

21
Q
Creutzfeldt-Jacob
- Epidemiology
- How common is this?
- When do patients get present with it?
- How do patients get it?
- Pathophysiology
- What 4 brain regions are affected?

A

22
Q
Creutzfeldt-Jacob
- What is the most common cognitive feature?
- What is are the 2 most common motor features?
A

23
Q
Creutzfeldt-Jacob
- What are the 4 ways to Dx this?
- What are the Tx options?
A

24
Q
Give what each clincial feature is most suggestive of when a patient has dementia
- Family History
- Hypertension
- Prominent Memory Loss
- Aphasia
- Hallucinations
- Inability to control facial movements (Psudeobulbpar palsy)
A
- Family History
- Huntingtons
- Wilsons
- Hypertension
- Vascular Dementia
- Prominent Memory Loss
- Alzheimer’s
- Aphasia
- Frontotemporal
- Hallucinations
- Lewy Body
- Inability to control facial movements (Psudeobulbpar palsy)
- Vascular Dementia
25
Q
Motor Neuron Disease
- What is the most common motor neuron disease in:
- Children
- Adults
A

26
Q
ALS
- Epidemiology
- When do most people present with symptoms
- How do 90 to 95% of people get this?
- Pathophysiology
- What 2 types of patholgoy are seen?
- Risk Factors
- What gene is mutated?

A

27
Q
ALS
- Clinical preseervation
- What are the 4 characteristic symptoms have?
- What do patients usualyl NOT have?

A

28
Q
ALS
- What tests are used to Dx this?
- What do you need to do to be sure of this Dx?
- Tx
- What 2 drugs treat this?
A

29
Q
SMA aka Werndig Hoffman
- Subtypes
- What age does each present at?
- Type I
- Type II
- Type III
- What age does each present at?
- Pathophysioolgy
- What part of the spinal cord is affected
- Risk Factors/Genes
- What kind of genetic inheritece is shown?
- What gene is affected?
A

30
Q
SMA aka Werndig Hoffman
- Give the clinical presentation for each type
- Type I
- Type II
- Type III
- Tx
- What drug is used to treat this?
A
