6.6 THE IMPACT OF WW1 ON AUSTRALIA (6B) Flashcards
What was Australia’ population in 1914
less than 5 million
How many men did Australia lose at war
60 000
What is the home front
the citizens who remain at home during a war, usually women children and the elderly
How many Australians enlisted and served overseas
331 781
How many Australians were wounded
155 000
How many Australian prisoners of war altogether
4 000
What percentage of their troops did Britain lose
50.71%
What is conscription
the compulsory enlistement of people to serve in the armed forces
What is the referendum
a national vote of the people on actions proposed by the government
Why did Labour Mrime Minister Billy Hughes announce a referendum to allow the government to force men to join
after Gallipoli the numbers of soldiers going to war decreased
When was the first conscription referendum and what was its result
the first referndum was in October 1916 and the majority of people voted ‘no’
When was the second referendum forced by Britain and what was the result
the second referendum was in December 1917 and the result was also ‘no’
Who was in favour of conscription
- Protestant church
- Labour government
- Upper class
Why was the Australian population against conscription
they believed that they had done enough to support Britain and the war was ‘half a world away’
Who was against conscription
- Catholic church
- Working class
What is a trade union
an organised group of workers formed to protect their rights and ensure that their interests are taken into account by company owners and governments
Which new laws were introduced by the Labour government to extend the Commonwealth power
- Trading with the Enemy Act
- War Precautions Act
What did the Trading with the Enemy and War Precautions Act do
- collected information of citizens
- increased censorship
- intercepted letters and telegraphs to find anti-Australian correspondence
- enemy aliens were put in jail
- banned trade unions
What is censorship
limiting acces to information, books or ideas that are considered sensitive or damaging
What is an enemy alien
an immigrant from an enemy nation who had settled in Australia before the conflict broke out
What did WW1 cause
- inflation
- increase in poverty
- smelting companies
Impact of WW1 on women
13% more women in the worforce
What happened to enemy aliens in Australia
they were detained to internment camps in remote places around Australia
What did wartime propaganda do
it encouraged people to support the war effort by enlisting to serve or by working on the home front
