6.6 Homeostasis Flashcards
Type 1 diabetes.
Autoimmune response as the beta cells are being destroyed, so no insulin is produced. Develops during childhood.
What is Thyroxin?What does it use/need?
Produced in thyroid gland. It increases the metabolic reactions, and thus the temperature of the body. It uses iodine, which can be found in fish, seafood etc. It is secreted constantly.
What is Leptin?
Secreted by adipose cells (fat tissue), affects Hypothalamus. Inhibits appetite, but in obese people the receptors often do not work, so they keep on eating. It was tested with 2 pairs of 2 mice.
What are gonads?
pre-testis/pre-ovaries/pre-gametes
What did William Harvey conclude from the study of deers?
The Soil and Seed Theory was incorrect, because there was no egg in the uterus until ~7 weeks after fertilisation, so the sperms where not containing 100% of the genetic information and the menstrual blood was not the soil.
Describe male sex development.
The Y chromosome has the SRY gene, which codes for a testis-determining-factor which makes the gonads turn into testis. The absence of this gene, makes them turn into ovaries. The testis produce testosterone for further sex development.
What are LH and FSH?
Pituitary hormones. FSH stimulates follicle development, and LH stimulates ovulation.
What are Estrogen and Progesterone?
Both thicken the endometrium lining, and inhibit FSH and LH. The follicle produces Estrogen, and the Corpus Luteum produces Progesterone.
Describe In Vitro Fertilisation.
The menstrual cycle is stopped with drugs (down regulation). A high dosage of FSH stimulates multiple follicles to develop (superovulation). These get extracted with a syringe and gets fertilized with sperm cells in a test tube. (fertilisation). Then the follicle(s) get re-implanted.
