6.5 Flashcards
Why is there a mismatch of supply and demand?
Depends on population density, physical geography and need for resources
HIC are more likely to have higher supply and demand but LICs cant access as its not available as easily
What is supply determined by?
Availability
Ability to access
Where is oil higher in supply?
Middle east who are a large exporter
Where is the demand for oil high?
Asia, lots china due to very high population
Why is oil important?
Essential for fuel for transport
How can energy mismatches be resolved?
Energy pathways
Example of a energy pathway
How can energy pathways be affected?
Political conflict is the main reason
- Shown through Russia and Ukraine, the conflict has impacted Russia exports to Europe
Different ways that energy is transported
pipelines
ships
- Efficient but depends on global agreements
What is a chokepoint?
A point in a energy pathway that can be easily disrupted
Impact of chokepoints
- prices may rise
- reduced supply and rising demand
- E.g. Ukraine is chokepoint of Russia pipeline
What are the unconventional fossil fuels?
Shale gas- extracted through fracking, removes gas reserves
Deep sea oil- suppliers decreasing so have to drill deeper
Tar sands- extraction of petroleum from sands
+ and - of shale gas
+ less polluting than other types
+ requires large amounts of water
+ boosts the economy
- may pollute groundwater aquifers
- low magnitude earthquakes may occur
+ and - of deep sea oil
+ wont have to change fuel for some things
+ reduces emissions
+ alternate to using Russian supplies
- fracking is not environmentally friendly
+ and - of tar sands
+ creates economic growth
+ fastest growing industry
- intensive process
- produces large volume of waste
- open mining will destroy vegetation and habitats
