640-916 DCICT Flashcards
What are the different virtualization techniques?
Full, partial, paravirtualization.
How do LANs do flow control?
The transmitter sends packets to the receiver until the receiver can’t handle them any more so the receiver drops some packets and tries to signal to the transmitter to slow down.
How do SANs do flow control?
Uses Fiber Channel as a form of Flow Control. The receiver controls the situation instead of the transmitter. Credit based system where the transmitter won’t send info unless it has “credits” from the receiver.
What are two types of the Full Virtualization techniques?
Host OS Based
Bare Metal
What are the benefits of server virtualization?
Partitioning Encapsulation Isolation Hardware Abstraction CapEx/OpEx
What does Type 2 refer to regarding server virtualization?
Host OS Based virtualization
Layer 1 - Bare Metal Server
Layer 2 - OS (Such as Windows)
Layer 3 - Virtualization Software
Layer 4 - Virtual Machines
What does Type 1 refer to regarding server virtualization?
Bare Metal Based virtualization
Layer 1 - Bare Metal Server
Layer 2 - Virtualization Software
Layer 3 - Virtual Machines
What is not a new feature introduced by the Nexus 1000v?
PVLAN - Private Vlan
What command would you use to verify the connection between the VSM and vCenter?
show svs connection
What are the two vlans needed to implement a Cisco Nexus 1000v?
Control Vlan
Packet Vlan
What is the Control Vlan used for with the Nexus 1000v?
Heartbeat messages between the VSM and the VEMs.
What is the Packet Vlan used for with the Nexus 1000v?
Things like CDP, IGMP, and other Cisco traditional control traffic.
How do you verify the Software Virtual Switch domain ID?
Show svs domain
What are two different types of storage protocols?
File-based
Block-based
How do you verify the control and packet vlans?
Show svs domain
Name two File-based storage protocols.
Common Internet File System (CIFS)
Network File System (NFS)
What kind of environment is CIFS used in?
Windows
What kind of environment is NFS used in?
Unix/Linux
What are 3 versions of NFS and their details?
NFSv2
32-bit
Stateless
NFSv3
64-bit
Stateless
NFSv4
64-bit
Stateful
Added security
Name some Block-based storage protocols.
- SCSI
- iSCSI
- Fibre Channel
What network port provides congestion control and in order delivery of error free data in an iSCSI environment?
TCP 3260
What are the different Fibre Channel topologies?
Point to Point
Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop FC-AL
Fibre Channel Switch
What is a NP-Port used for?
NP-Port - Node Proxy Port - For connecting multiple N-Port connections through one NP-Port to one F-Port. Connects to F-Port.
What are the Standard Fibre Channel Port types and what are they used for?
N-Port - Node port - For connecting a node to a host or disk. Connects to F-Ports.
F-Port - Fabric Port - For connecting to peripheral devices. Connects to N-Ports.
E-Port - Expansion Port - For connecting FC Switches to other FC Switches. Connects to other E-Ports.
FL-Ports - For connecting FC switch to Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL)
NL-Ports - For connecting Node devices to the FC-AL.
What is a TE-Port used for?
TE-Port - Trunking Expansion Ports - For connecting MDS to another MDS. Connects to other TE-Ports.
What is a TF-Port used for?
TF-Port - Trunking Fabric Port - For connecting to a device that has the ability to send tagged frames for VSANS. Connects to TN-Port.
What is a TN-Port used for?
TN-Port - Trunking Node Port - For connecting to a device that has the ability to send tagged frames for VSANs. - Connects to TF-Ports.
What is a SD-Port used for?
SD-Port - SPAN Destination port - For connecting a device that does SPAN to an MDS.
What is an FX-Port used for?
FX-Port - Fabric X Port - X is a variable. Can operate as an F-Port or an FL-Port. It will act as an F-Port when an N-Port is connecting to it. It will act as an FL-Port when connecting an FC-Switch to an FC-AL.
What is a B-Port used for?
B-Port - Bridge Port - For connecting another geographically dispersed device from another SAN that is far away to the MDS.
What is an Auto-Mode Port used for?
Auto-Mode Port - Can operate as any port type.
What is a Fibre Channel ID?
A dynamically acquired address that is routable within the switch fabric.
How many Domain IDs are available in Fibre Channel?
239.
01-EF are available giving us 239. 00 and FO-FF are reserved for internal switch services.
How big is a Fibre Channel ID (FCID) in bits and what are the three things that the FCID contains?
24 bits consisting of 3 parts:
- Domain ID
- Area ID
- Port ID
What are the 5 Layers that make up the Fibre Channel Architecture and their functions?
FC-0 - Defines the physical interface stuff, like cabling, connectors, etc.
FC-1 - Defines the line coding of signals.
FC-2 - Defines Framing and flow control matters.
FC-3 - Defines generic services required for fabric management.
FC-4 - Upper layer protocol mapping
What are the generic services that are required for Fibre Channel management defined by the FC-3 layer of the Fibre Channel Architecture?
FC-3 - Defines generic services required for fabric management such as:
- Name Service
- Login Service
- Address Manager
- Alias Server
- Fabric Controller
- Management Server
- Key Distribution Server
- Time Server
What is the intelligence used to handle the synchronization of the distributed databases across devices called in regards to the Fibre Channel Name Server (FCNS)?
RSCN - Registered State Change Notification
What are the 3 things that must happen before N-Ports can begin exchanging data?
- The N-Ports must log into their attached F-Ports (FLOGI Process)
- The N-Port must log into its target N-Port. This is referred to as the Port Login Process or PLOGI Process
- The N-Ports must exchange information about the upper layer protocols. They need to ensure the intiator in the target process can communicate properly. This is known as the Process Login (PRLI).
What is the Discover Address (ADISC) used for?
To confirm the address of another port or to discover whether the other port has a hard coded address.
What is the Discover Fabric (FDISC) used for?
To verify the Cisco fabric service parameters that are in use in your fabric.
What is the Discover Port (PDISC) used for?
To verify the service parameters that exist for another N-Port.
What is the protocol used in Fibre Channel to route frames and assure order delivery and avoid loops?
FSPF - Fabric Shortest Path First
What command could you use if your MDS (Multilayer Director Switch) fails to boot?
Install all
What command could you use if you wanted to do a non-disruptive upgrade to your MDS (Multilayer Director Switch)?
Install all
What are the two licensing types that are used on MDS (Multilayer Director Switch)?
Feature Based
Module Based
(or both simultaneously)
What model(s) of MDS does not use Module based licensing at all?
MDS 9000 Series
How long is the grace period for a temporary license on a Multilayer Director Switch?
120 days.
How long is the grace period for a temporary license on a Nexus Switch?
120 days
What command do you use to install a license on the MDS switch?
install license
What command shows you vsan information on the MDS?
show vsan
What command shows you what ports belong to the various vsans?
show vsan membership
What command do you use to see the port names and node names that have successfully logged into the MDS?
show flogi database
What command is used to see what devices have registered with the FCNS (Fibre Channel Name Server)?
show fcns database vsan .
How do you edit names in the MDS database?
device-alias database from global config then
device-alias
Show device-alias database to verify.
What command shows zoning configurations on an MDS?
show zoneset vsan
Which command would you use in order to view which logged in hosts are functioning as Fibre Channel targets?
show fcns database vsan
What are the three layers of the Data Center Model?
Core
Aggregation
Access
What is a Collapsed Core?
The Aggregation Layer and the Core Layer are combined so there is really only the Core and Access layer.
What is considered Unified Fabric?
FCoE - Fibre Channel over Ethernet.
DCB - Data Center Bridging
iSCSI
Which two layers result in the collapsed core design?
Access
Core
What are two features we might find in a data center aggregation layer?
Security
Access control
Various Services
How many supervisor slots are in the Nexus 7010?
2 - There are two in all of the Nexus 7000 series.
How many I/O module slots are there in a Nexus 7009?
7
The 9 in the 7009 is the number of total slots. 2 are for the Supervisors.
How many I/O module slots are there in a Nexus 7010?
8
The 10 in the 7010 is the number of total slots. 2 are for the Supervisors.
How many I/O module slots are there in a Nexus 7018?
16
The 18 in the 7018 is the number of total slots. 2 are for the Supervisors.
What Nexus 7000 series switch models are FCoE and DCB ready and support layer 3 functionality?
All
7009
7010
7018
What are the 4 power supply redundancy options for the Nexus 7000 series?
Combined
Power Supply Redundancy N+1
Input Source Redundancy (Grid Source Redundancy)
Complete
What models of the Nexus 5000 series switches are layer 3 capable?
5548
5596
(Basically any model that starts with a 55)
How many server ports does the Nexus 2148, 2224, 2248, and 2232 have?
2148 - 48 - 1G Ports
2224 - 24 - 1G Ports
2248 - 48 - 1G Ports
2232 - 32 - Fiber Optic Ports
How many host port-channels can be done on the Nexus 2148?
None