64 gunnery Flashcards
Neutralization knocks a target out of action temporarily. Neutralization of a target occurs when it suffers ___ or more casualties or damage
10%
________________ is caused by the motion of the helicopter as the projectile leaves the weapon
Angular rate error
What are the four types of ballistics?
Interior, exterior, aerial and terminal
Rockets are most accurate when fired IGE or OGE?
OGE
Angular rate error is an example of what type of ballistic?
Aerial
Maximum effective range is defined as?
The longest range at which a weapon has a 50% probability of hitting a target
Is the hellfire missle affected by angular rate error?
No, guided weapons are not affected by angular rate error
what are the two types of fire?
Direct and indirect
what are the three modes of fire?
Hover, running and diving
what are the four “T”s associated with aircraft control(fire techniques) during rocket engagements?
Target, torque, trim, target
Trajectory shift and projectile drift combine to create what?
Port-starboard effect
Rockets will accelerate as they leave the launcher. The crosswind force acting upon the fins which causes the nose of the rocket to turn into the wind is known as what?
Relative wind effect
Gravity, Yaw and wind drift are what type of ballistics?
Exterior
What are the three factors that effect dispersion?
Vibrations, sights, boresights.
Angle of impact is a characteristic of what type of ballistic?
Terminal
what is the cause of the greatest error for free flight rockets (besides poor pilot technique) and what is done to minimize that error?
Thrust misalignment, rocket spin
Firing rockets at maximum ranges increases/decreases dispersion and increases/decreases accuracy
Decreases and increases
yaw is the angle between the centerline of a projectile and its trajectory, which results in a changing trajectory and an increase in what?
Drag?
Where would a projectile have its maximum yaw?
Near the muzzle
What two factors determine the amount of wind drift of a projectile?
Time of flight and wind speed acting on the cross-sectional area of a projectile
The exterior ballistic which causes a clickwise spinning projectile to move to the right is called what?
Projectile drift
Fragmentation effects can be expected from the M789 HEDP 30mm round within a ___ radius
4 meter
What is the approximate muzzle velocity of the 30mm round?
2640fps
What are the visual markings of the M789 30mm HEDP round?
Black projectile with yellow band and yellow markings
What are the visual markings of the M788 30mm TP round?
Blue projectile with aluminum nosepiece and white markings
Arming of the Hellfire missile is based on a 10g acceleration and occurs between __________ after launch
150 to 300 meters
maximum velocity of the Hellfire missile is
950mph
During running fire align the helicopter into firing constraints with the ______ while maintaining the aircraft in _____
Cyclic, trim
Running fire is preformed at airspeeds _________ and offers a good miz of aircraft survivability and weapons accuracy
Above ETL
To avoid fratricide, do not engage when target area _________________________________
Inter-visability is lost or target confirmation is questionable
Fire delivered on a target, which cannot be seen by the firing unit, is known as what?
Indirect fire
the bursting radius of the M151 HE “10 pounder” is _______ and can produce lethality radius in excess of _______
10 meters, 50 meters
The M789 HEDP can penetrate in excess of ____ of RHA at _____ meters
2 inches, 2500 meters
You fire a burst of 30mm at a target which misses to the left about 10 meters, you then adjust your line of sight to the right of the target and fire again hitting the target. what technique did you use?
The recognition method which is also known as kentucky windage
When planning a running fire engagement, how far should the intial point be from the target?
About 8 to 10 km
When conducting running fire engagements what airspeed does the ATM and why?
Predicted maximum rate of climb airspeed. This will provide a stable delivery platform while maintaining optimum power available for evasive maneuvers or emergencies.
Harmonization procedures should be accomplished ____ to___ meters from the target
500 to 1500
When conducting AWS harmonization, the CPG positions the GUN DH reticle of the mean point of impact(MPI) of the rounds the presses the …
Store/update switch to store (ORT LHG)
The AWS ammo handling system has a maximum capacity of_____
1200 rounds
The 30mm gun turret azimuth and elevation limits are what?
+/- 86 degrees azimuth, +11 elevation(+9 within +/- 10 degrees of centerline, and -60 degrees depression
what is the gun duy cycle?
Six 50 round bursts with five seconds between burst followed by a 10 minute cooling period. For burst settings other than 50, no more than 300 rounds fired within 60 seconds followed by a 10 minute rest period
What is the “WARNING” associated with the 30mm?
Failure to adhere to the published gun duty cycle may result in a catastophic failure, loss of aircraft, injury or death
What is the software limit that the WP will provide fire control solutions for the 30mm?
4200m
In the event of a power loss the gun is spring driven to ______ in elevation to prevent _____ during landing
+11 degrees, dig-in
What is the warning regarding 30mm stoppage?
If 300 or more rounds have been fired in teh preceding 10 min, and a stoppage occurs, personnel must remain clear of the acft for 30 min. crew should remain in the acft and continue positive gun control.
The M789 HEDP 30mm round is an ________ and ________ round, and will penetrate ___ of RHA at ______
anti-material and anti-personnel, 2inches, 2500m
The AWS will/will not continue to follow the IHADSS LOS when operating in NVS wixed mode
Will
When the AWS is in the fixed mode, the gun will be commanded to ___ in elecation, and forward in azimuth to the helicopter ______
+6 degrees, Armament Datum Line (ADL)
In the event of an IHADSS failure with the gun selected and the HMD as the selected sight, the gun will remain in the last commanded position. Gun firing is _____. When de-actioned it will return to the ______ position.
inhibited, stowed
The gun will be inhibited from from firing during any wing store pylon weapon launch and for _____ afterword
2 seconds
When the 30mm is selected by a crewmember and a pylon weapon is selected by the other crewmember, the gun azimuth limits are ______
Restricted
What is the caution associated with the SQUAT ORIDE switch on the LMP?
There is no indication in the cockpit when the SQUAT ORIDE switch is in the AIR position. The possibility exists that the AWS could be inadvertantly be driven into the ground.
the sideloader/ magazine controller (S/MC) performs three distinct ammunition handling system functions?
Counting of 30mm rounds, control of the carrier drive assembly, control of the laoder assemdbly for uploading and downloading.
The 30mm can accomodate a veriety of 30mm ammunition including________,_____,______
HEPD 789, TP 788, ADEN/DEFA
What is the rate of fire for the 30mm?
625 +/- 25
While in training mode, how many rounds will be displayed?
888
When are the pylons automatically commanded to the flight mode ON position?
After takeoff when the squat switch indicates airborne for more than 5 seconds.
The PEN button on the rocket control page may be used to defeat bunkers up to _____ thick when the BNK is selected
3 meters
With hellfire rails on pylons 2 and 3, and rockets on 1 and 4, what rocket zones and quantities of each are available?
A-24, B-8, E-6
When rockets are in the cooperative mode the WP will use the _________ and ______ in the fire control solution and will disregard the _______
CPG Sel LOS, range data, PLT LOS
Is the pilot permitted to make changes to the RKT page when in the cooperative mode?
Yes, although the common page is the CPG’s either crewmember can make changes once in CO-OP
Due to the possibility of surging the engines, do not fire rockets from inboard stations. Fire no more than _____ with two _____ launchers every _____ seconds or fire with only ___ outboard launcher installed without restrictions
pairs, two, 3, one
The WP limits the fire control solution to a maximum range of _____meters for MK66 motors
7500
What is a RAD and what does it do?
Ram Air Decelerator, stops the forward velocity stabilizes the descent of the submunition, and arms the submunition
When forward airspeed exceeds ____, do not use M229/M423(17 pounder), warhead/fuse combination for engagement of targets under ____ distance and ensure LOF is clear of obstructions for at least ____
10KTAS, 450ft,450ft
Is the use of the MK66 MOD2 motor authorized?
No
Do not fire rockets with the M433 RC fuse in situations where they might fly closer than ____ from other airborne helicopters
51meters
The aerial rocket subsystem can be employed ____ by either crewmember or in the ____ mode
independantly, cooperative
How can the crew check/verify the rocket type within each of the rocket zones and gun rounds loaded on preflight?
The load maintenance panel provides the capability. The crew via the load page can override these settings.
The pylons are independently controlled through a range of…
+4 to -15 degrees
What does the unclusion of a Hazard of Electronic Radiation to Ordinance filter provide for a rocket?
Prevents the rocket from inadvertent ignition due to electromagnetic radiation(radio waves)
How high above the launch point will a “K” model missile fly when launched LOBL at a taget 7km away?
600 Ft
What is the definition of ripple fire?
Multiple missiles launched with two or more unique laser channel codes
What symbol is displayed on the RF missile icon to indicate that the missile is ready to receive the target?
R
When the RF missile-training mode is enabled, what symbol will be displayed on all tactical RF missile icons?
NA
What does the TME emulate and replicate?
The TME emulates the missile control decision making process, replicates the missile launch mode selection processing, target aquistion and tracking function, BIT routines and thermal management characteristics.
How long is the allowable training mode, missile elapsed ON time?
30 minutes
What symbol will appear on the RF missile icon if the mazimum allowable elapsed ON time is exceeded?
OT
What is transfer alignment?
The transfer of the aircraft inertial data to the missile inertial platform
What are the three acquistion sources that may provide targeting information for an RF missile?
TADS, FCR, or RFHP/IDM
When wil a centered “T” be desplayed in the missile constraints box?
When the training system is enabled and weapons system actioned
Why would the RF missile LOBL inhibit option be used?
To allow for LOAL shots only, Inhibits mMSL from transmittion on rail, which eliminates RF MSL signature
Which page has the command to “arm” the hellfire launchers without pressing the master “arm/safe” button?
WPN UTIL
Can the BACKSCATTER inhibit be overridden by the triggers second detent?
NO
At what time and for how long is the message “LASE NN TRGT” displayed in the high action display during LOAL SAL missile launches?
Message is displayed for 4 secodns starting at TOF-12 calculated missile TOF
What does the message “TARGET DATA?” mean in the HAD?
No target data is available ie. MSL WAS’D, RF MSL selected and TADS is selected LOS
The missile counter-counter measures (MSL CCM) button enables the counter-counter measure routine withing the laser missile. this selection _____ the tracking capability of the missile
Narrows
The minimum altitude is ___ to prevent the RF missile from impacting the ground during launch
15 meters
To prevent IAT break lock due to missile launch, the crew should offset the aircraft centerline _____ to the side the sal missile will be launched from
3-5 degrees
During a remote designation, the designator should neither be within ___ of the gun taget line nor more than ____ from the target centerline
30 degrees, 60 degrees
Minimum SAL LOAL engagement ranges should be increased by____ if the target is 50 to _____ below the aircraft
500 meters 400ft
Minimum SAL LOAL engagement ranges should be increased by _____ if the target is _______ below the aicraft
401-800ft