6.3 + 6.4 Actions of antibiotics, Antibiotic resistance

Question 1

What is a bacteriostatic antibiotic?

Answer 1

inhibits the growth of bacteria
prevent the multiplication of bacteria, but do not kill them

Question 2

What is a bactericidal antibiotic?

Answer 2

kills the bacteria

Question 3

How can you prevent the spread of an infection?

Answer 3

-controlling the use of antibiotics
-hygiene measures
-isolation of patients
-screening patients before they enter a
hospital
-monitoring levels of healthcare
associated infections

Question 4

How does antibiotic resistance develop and spread?

Answer 4

during bacterial reproduction, there is a chance of mutations occurring - some may help microorganism resist antibiotic effects
as a result of natural selection, the mutations become more common
- widespread use of antibiotics speeds up resistance as different antibiotics used to tackle increasing resistance - increasing selection pressure for evolution of bacteria that are resistant to all antibiotics

Question 5

How can you control the spread of antibiotic resistance in bacteria?

Answer 5

• using antibiotics sparingly
• people to complete the course of antibiotics
• develop new antibiotics