6.2 Non-Ferrous Materials✅ (3) Flashcards
What is non-ferrous
- Metals that do not contain iron as their base
- non-megnetic
What are common non-ferrous materials
- aluminium
- copper
- titanium
- magnesium
How is aluminium obtained?
- ore called Bauxite
When aluminium is alloyed with copper or zinc, what is the result
- As strong as steel
- 1/3 of steel weight
What are the 2 classes of aluminium alloys
- Wrought aluminium alloys
- Cast aluminium alloys
what is alloying element of 1xxx
Pure aluminium
what is alloying element of 2xxx
Copper
what is alloying element of 3xxx
Manganese
what is alloying element of 7xxx
Zinc
what is alloying element of 5xxx
Magnesium
In the 4 digit index of aluminium alloy, what does the first digit identify
major alloying element
In the 4 digit index of aluminium alloy, what does the second digit identify
alloy modification
In the 4 digit index of aluminium alloy, what does the last two digits identify
- Have no special significance
What are the 2 most widely used aluminium alloys in aviation
- 2024
- 7075
To increase a materials corrosion resistance, a thin layer of pure aluminium (approx 3%-5% of materials thickness is applied). This is known as cladding (T or F)?
T
What is the main disadvantage of using magnesium?
- burns readily when in dust or small particle form (causes major hazard)
aircraft landing wheels, engine crankcases, and valve bodies are made from what
magnesium alloys
Titanium and its alloys are lightweight materials with very high strength (T or F)
T
Pure titanium is about 50% lighter than stainless steel (T or F)
T
What are the 2 commonly used nickel alloys?
- Monel
- Inconel
Monel contains about 68% nickel and 29% copper with small amounts of iron and manganese (T or F)
T
Inconel contains about 80% nickel and 14% chromium with small amounts of iron and other elements (T or F)
T
What is the nickel and copper content in monel
68% nickel
29% copper
What is the nickel and chromium content in Inconel
80% nickel
14% chromium
What primary metal is used for electrical wiring
Copper
What are the several copper based alloys in aviation
- Brass
- Bronze
- Beryllium
What are the 2 types of heat treatments used on aluminium alloys
- Solution heat treatment
- Precipitation heat treatment
What is solution heat treatment
- Heating aluminium alloy to allow the alloying element to mix with base metal
What is natural ageing
- alloy allowed to cool at room temperature
How long can natural ageing take
- Several hours or weeks
aluminium alloyed with copper (2024) takes how long to gain 90% of its strength?
First half hour after removing from quench bath
aluminium alloyed with copper (2024) takes how long to gain 100% of its strength?
4-5 days
What is precipitation heat treatment
- become hard and gain strength over a period of time
Naturally aged alloys, such as copper zinc magnesium alloys, return to their full strength at room temperature in a short period (T or F)
T
What is annealing
- softens a metal and decreases its internal stresses
Annealing is the opposite of hardening (T or F)
T
When annealing clad aluminium alloys what must be done
- heated as quickly and carefully as possible
What does ‘T’ mean
-alloy underwent a solution heat treatment
What does ‘T3’ mean
- Solution heat treated, followed by strain hardening
What does ‘T4’ mean
- alloy underwent solution heat treatment, followed by natural ageing at room temperature
What does ‘T6’ mean
- alloy underwent solution heat treatment, followed by artificial ageing (precipitation heat treated)
What is strain hardening also known as
cold working/work hardening
What is strain hardening process
- requires mechanically working a metal at a temperature below it’s critical range
What does F mean
Fabricated
What does O mean
Annealed
What does H mean
strain hardened
Once the alloy has been sufficiently solution heat treated, how long should you not exceed when quenching
10 seconds
