6.2 Flashcards
what is a genotype
genetic makeup of an organism
what is a phenotype
visible characteristics of an organism
what are some chromosome mutations that can occur during meiosis
- deletion
- inversion
- translocation
- duplication
- non-dijunction
what is deletion
where part of a chromosme containing genes and regulatory sequence is lost
what is insersion
a section of chromosome may break off, turn 180 degrees then join again
what is translocation
a piece of one chromosme may break off and join to another chroosome
what is duplication
a piece of chromosmome may ne duplicated
what is non-disjunction
one pair of chromomses fails to seperate leaving one gamete with an extra chromosome
where does genetic variation from meiosis occur
- allele shuffling in prophase 1
- independent assortment of chromosomes in anaphase 1
- independent assortment of chromosomes in anaphase 2
how can environmental factors cause variation
- learning to speak with a particular regional accent
- losing digit or limb or a scar
what are chlorotic plants
plants that have the genotype for making chlorophyll but environmental factors are preventing the expression of these genes like those plants being kept in dim lght
what are allels
versions of genes
what does it mean if a characteristic of monogenic
determined by one gene
what are multiple allels
charictaristics for which there are three or more alleles in the populations gene pool
