6.1.2 Energy, Calories, and Nutrition

Question 1

Energy, Calories, and Nutrition

Answer 1

• The unit of measure for heat in chemistry is the calorie; the unit of measure for heat in nutrition is Calories.
• Protein and Carbohydrates each yield 4 kcal per gram; fats yield 9 kcal per gram.
• Artificial sweeteners and fats give the impression of sweetness or fat without the calories.

Question 2

note

Answer 2

• A familiar measure for heat used by chemists is the calorie.
• Calories used to measure food energy, called kilocalories or “large C calories”, represent 1000 chemists’ calories.
• Nutritional labeling specifies the amount of each nutrient per serving in a food product.
• Protein contains about 4 kcal/gram, carbohydrates contain about 4 kcal/gram and fats contain about 9 kcal/gram.
• Caloric values can be calculated for each nutrient by
  multiplying the number of grams of each nutrient by its caloric value. A 26-gram serving of this cereal contains 110 Calories.
• Each serving provides 1 gram of protein (4 calories), 23 grams of carbohydrate (92 calories) and 1.5 grams of fat (14 calories).
• Artificial sweeteners such as saccharin and aspartame
  provide the sweetness of sugar with practically no calories, since so little is used.
• The artificial fat OlestraTM, which is indigestible by humans, has the taste and feel of fat with no calories.

Question 3

How is excess energy stored in the body?

Answer 3

as fat

Question 4

What type of chemical reaction is food metabolism?

Answer 4

combustion

Question 5

Burning sugar as a metabolic process creates what products?

Answer 5

carbon dioxide, water, and heat

Question 6

How many Calories are in 3 servings of the food described in the following label?

Answer 6

424.5 Cal

Question 7

How many Calories are in 3.5 g of fat?

Answer 7

32 Calories

Question 8

What are the products of metabolizing food?

Answer 8

carbon dioxide and water

Question 9

How many Calories are in 35.3 g of protein?

Answer 9

141 Calories

Question 10

Which of the following has 54 Calories?

Answer 10

4 g of fat, 2 g of carbohydrate, 2.5 g of protein

Question 11

Which of the following contain the greatest number of Calories?

Answer 11

4 grams of fat

Question 12

Which of the following contains the least amount of Calories?

Answer 12

10 g of protein