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Sport and Society > 6.1- Sport and Society > Flashcards

6.1- Sport and Society Flashcards

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1
Q

What 2 classes was the social class divided into

-what different activities did these classes participate in

A

upper class- aristocracy/ gentry

lower class- peasants- mob football, dog fighting- simple violent, few rules

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2
Q
  • what different activities did the upper and lower classes participate in
  • name the different characteristics
A

lower class- mob football, dog fighting- simple violent, few rules

upper class- real tennis, fox hunting- sophisticated, complex, required money

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3
Q

how did gender affect who participated in activities

  • name 1 activity UC women participated in
  • name 1 activity LC women participated in
A
  • women ‘weaker sex’
  • few activities
  • UC- archery
  • LC- smock race
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4
Q

what was law and order like in pre-industrial britain

A
  • not many formal llaws

- so sport especially LC- violent (animal baiting, bare-knuckled fighting

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5
Q

How did education and literacy affect which activities you played

A

UC- educated- could understand sophisticated rules

LC- uneducated- played simple sports with few rules (mob footbwall)

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6
Q

How did availability of time affect what sports people played

A

LC- worked long, exhausting hours- little appetite for sport due to exhaustion

UC- more time- participated in longer lasting activities (fox hunting)

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7
Q

How did availability of money affect what sports people played

A

UC- more money- afford horses, equipment and appropriate clothing (hunting)

LC- poorly paid- had little money

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8
Q

How did availability of transport and type of transport affect what sports people played

A

UC- could travel further- horse and cart- could get to facilities (real tennis courts)

LC- would play sport locally- limited transport

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9
Q

Who were the middle class

A
  • professionals
  • factory owners
  • those not born into aristocracy
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10
Q

What were amateurs?

A
  • were not paid to play

- status suited UC and MC

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11
Q

What were professionals?

A

-played for money
-more competitive
-

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12
Q

What occurred in the late 19th century for women

A
  • assumption women should marry was compromised- shortage of men
  • female educational pioneers emerged as a result of lack of schooling for women- they brought equal rights for women
  • encouraged women to be more involved in sport and pe in sch
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13
Q

How did the development of more defined laws and order affecf the rypes of activities undertaken in the late 19th century

A
  • led to declin of blood sports (animal baiting)
  • law makers were middle class and upper class however so they supported sports they liked
  • hence why fox hunting was still allowed
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14
Q

What act was published in 1870 and why

A
  • education act (forster act)
  • beginning of the modern system of education in england
  • education- more accessible to lower classes- LC understood more sophisticated rules- nore people becoming involved in sport
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15
Q

What did the Education Act of 1870 (forster act) require

A

-required establishment of elementary schs nationwide

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16
Q

How did avaliability of time and money change post pre industrial britain

A

factory owners realised that sport could keep their workers healthier and loyal- encouragement of sport

17
Q

What was introduced in post industrial britain to allow factory workers to play sport

A
  • working hours were long and hard
  • so workers had little time & energy for sport
  • Saturday half day introduced- enabled sport to take place
  • annual excursions also introduced-reduction made it easier for ppl to be involved i sport
18
Q

How did transport change in post industrial britain and how did this affect sport

A

-devlopment of roads, bicycles, railways, motorcars enabled fixtures and spectators to visit venues around country

19
Q

What was mob football

A
  • played between villages, especially during times of celebration
  • game for peasants
  • only rule- no killing of ppl
  • aim was to bang ball 3 times on set building (oub)
20
Q

What was cock fighting

A
  • mainly UC sport
  • pay to throw stones and sticks at cock
  • if u knock it over & pick up stick before bird gets back up- keep the bird and charge others to throw at
  • made illegal by act of parliament in 1849
21
Q

What were public schools

A
  • upper class fee paying schools

- initally for boys

22
Q

How did rugby school promote sport

A
  • Thomas Arnold, headmaster at rugby sch promoted more regulated sports- encouraged healthy competition and exercise
  • house system introduced- influential in development of competitive sport teams
  • established prefects which organised sport
  • also wrote down rules for rugby in 1845
23
Q

How did public schools develop sport

A

-sports became popular in public schools- became forerunners of sports we know today- with rules, facilities and organised ways of playing

24
Q

What is muscular christianity

A
  • belief that links spirt with being a christian gentlemen

- christian and patriotic duty by playing sport with discipline and a sense of manliness

25
Q

What is the cult of athleticism

A

-establishing a link between sports and games and moral and ethical characteristics

26
Q

How did public schools spread sport outside of school

A

-pupils took their games with them to Uni-led to an increase in ppl becoming involved with sport

27
Q

How did gender in sport change in the 20th century

A
  • before 1914- women could only compete in 2 Olympic spirts- figure skating- horse riding
  • lte 20th century- female athletes started to become household names- Jackie Joyner-Kersee- Billie Jean King
  • opportunities for women increased drastically- still some limitations
28
Q

How did class, law and order change in the 20th century

A
  • most cruel sports had disappeared
  • spectators now had to pay to watch and could travel widely- development of transport
  • gambling still essential part of sport
  • purpose built stadiums
  • maintained troop morale- ppl could watch and enjoy sport- led to view that sport was a symbol of good nature
29
Q

How did education change in the 20th century

A
  • education act of 1944- butler acts
  • education is not just to do with communicating academic info- but involves the whole of the person- spiritual, physical and vocational needs
  • education reform act 1988- stated the need for broadly based curriculum in schs
30
Q

How did t of time money and space for sport change in the 20th century

A

money- darts dominoes and billiards flourished inside pubs and clubs

space- land was at a premium- available land was heavily used- development of more sports occurred

leisure time- increased- more ppl played and watched sports

31
Q

How did transport change in the 20th century

A
  • increase in public and private transport- increased number of ppl participating and watching sport
  • sport became much more accessible
32
Q

How did the 1948 Olympics help develop sport

A
  • rejuvinated tourism and the economy
  • reflected the positives of the country hosting- devloping that country
  • sports inspired other ppl to start up
33
Q

How did the class system change in the 21st century

A
  • less pronounced
  • sport offers the less wealthy to have opportunities to earn fame and fortune
  • sports can still be stereotyped- football associated with working class
34
Q

How has rhe class sustem changed in the 20th century

A
  • still more men involved in sport than women
  • sport still regarded as ‘unfeminine’ hence why there is a male dominance in sport and the media
  • certain activities - traditionally linked to males/ females- lead to discrimination
  • number of women participating in sport is still increasing
35
Q

How did law and order change in the 21st century

A
  • athletes and spectators safety-now protected by law
  • banning orders introduced help stop disruption in sports
  • law introduced about misuse of drugs, misconduct on and off field and match fixing
  • laws made to prevent discrimination based on race, gender, sexual orientation and religion
36
Q

How has education changed in the 21st century

A
  • children aged 5-18 must receive education
  • examinations and qualifications- lot more common
  • UNIS offer wide range of PE and sport related degrees
37
Q

How has availability of time money and transport changed in the 21st century

A
  • society has become much more technologically advanced- resulting in more participation in sport
  • global recession affected disposable income- less money is being spent on sport and exercised
  • availability of transport- more advanced than ever- cars, buses, trains, flights- increased participation in sport and spectating

Sport and Society (1 decks)

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