(6.1) Male Anatomy Flashcards
What structures run in the Spermatic Cord?
(3 arteries + 3 nerves + 3 other structures + 3 layers)
- Arteries: Testicular + Cremasteric + A to Vas deferens
- Nerves: Genitofemoral + Sympathetic + Parasympathetic
- Vas deferens + Processus Vaginalis + Papiniform Plexus
- Layers: External Spermatic fascia + Cremasteric muscle and fascia + Internal Spermatic fascia
What muscles surrounding the Penis? Describe where they are and their roles.
- Corpus Cavernosa: a pair dorsally; tough connective tissue that helps with erection when the vein engorges
- Corpus Sponginosum: single layer ventrally wrapped around urethra; spongy to prevent compressing ejection from urethra
Where are sperms form and mature? Where are the sperms stored BEFORE Emission and BEFORE Ejaculation? How are they transported?
- Form and mature in Seminiferous tubules
- Before Emission: Semiferous tubules -> Rete testis -> and stored in Epididymis
- Before Ejaculation: Epididymis -> Vas deferens -> Seminal Vesicles
What structures produce secretions into the urethra?
- Bladder: urine
- Vas deferens: Semen
- Seminal vesicle: 65% of ejaculate
- Prostate gland: 25% of ejaculate
What is the function of Spermatic cord? Describe its anatomical position.
- Holds Testis within Scrotum
- Through Inguinal Canal
Direct vs. Indirect Inguinal Hernia.
- Direct: through deep & superficial Inguinal rings, lateral to Inferior Epigastric Vein
- Indirect: through only deep Inguinal ring, medial to Inferior Epigastric Vein, reopening of Processus Vaginalis allows abdominal contents into Scrotum
Describe the arterial supplies and venous drainages of the Testis.
- Arteries: Abdominal Aorta -> Testicular Arteries
- R. Veins: R. Pampiniform Venous Plexus -> R. Testicular V -> IVC
- L. Veins -> L. Pampiniform Venous Plexus -> L. Testicular V -> L. Renal V -> IVC
- Testicular Lymphatics: Para-aortic nodes
- Scrotum Lymphatics: Superficial Inguinal nodes
What is Varicocoele? Where is it more commonly to occur and why?
- Varicosities of Pampiniform Plexus
- More commonly on the left side due to 90 degree entry of L. Testicular V into L. Renal V
What are and how to distinguish Hydrocoele from Haematocoele?
- Hydrocoele: serous fluid in Tunica Vaginalis -> translucent
- Haematocoele: blood in Tunica Vaginalis -> not translucent
What is the difference between Epididymal cyst and Spermatocoele?
- Epididymal Cyst: clear fluid in efferent tubules
- Spermatocoele: turgid fluid in efferent tubules due to degenerated spermatogenesis
What are the presenting symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostatic Carcinoma? How do they differ and which zones is each more likely to occur? How are the diagnosed?
- Dysuria, nocturia, urgency
- BPH: Transitional (anterior) & Central (posterior) zonrs; early symptoms due to close to urethra
- PC: Peripheral zone; late symptoms
- Diagnosis: raised Prostatic Specific Antigen (PSA) & Digital Rectal Examination
Which zone are the main glands of prostate located?
Peripheral zone
What glands are located within the Urogenital diaphragm? What is the function of its secretion?
- Bulbourethral glands
- Watery secretion to lubricate urethra
Describe the parts of Male urethra.
- Pre-prostatic
- Prostatic
- Membranous
- Spongy
Describe the arterial supplies and venous drainages of the Penis.
- Arteries: Abdominal Aorta -> Internal Iliac A -> Anterior Division -> Internal Pudenal A
- Veins: Venous Plexus of Penis -> Deep Dorsal V of Penis -> Prostatic Venous Plexus -> Prostatic V -> Internal Iliac V -> IVC
