6.1 Basic Concpets

Question 1

Networks

Answer 1

Set of informal and formal social ties that link people to each other.

Biological and social networks function differently

Most people rely on their personal networks to gain advantages, but not everyone has equal access to powerful networks

Question 2

Différence between social interactions online and face-to-face encounters

Answer 2

Factors such as social position, wealth, race, ethnicity, gender, and physical disability are less likely to cloud social interactions online than face-to-face encounters

Question 3

Social Group

Answer 3

À collection of people who:

Regularly interact with one another on the basis of shared expectations concerning behaviour and who share a sense of common identity

Question 4

Social Aggregate

Answer 4

À simple collection of people who happen to be together in a particular place but do not significantly interact or identify with one another

Question 5

Social Category

Answer 5

People who share a common characteristic (such as gender or occupation) but do not necessarily interact or identify with one another

Question 6

Primary groups

Answer 6

Groups that are characterized by intense emotional ties, face-to-face interaction, intimacy, and a strong, enduring sense of commitment

Question 7

Secondary Groups

Answer 7

Groups characterized by a large size and by impersonal, fleeting relationships

Question 8

Solomon Asch (1952)

Answer 8

Asch’s line experiment showed that many people are willing to discount their own perceptions rather than oppose groups consensus

Question 9

Solomon Asch (1952)

Answer 9

Asch’s line experiment showed that many people are willing to discount their own perceptions rather than oppose groups consensus

Question 10

Stanley Milgram (1963)

Answer 10

Milgram’s experiment, which would not be allowed today, showed that ordinary citizens will obey orders given by someone in a position of power even if those orders have horrible consequences

Question 11

Organization

Answer 11

À large group of individuals with a definite set of authority relations.

While not all organizations are bureaucratic, there are close links between the development of organizations and bureaucratic tendencies

Question 12

Formal Organization

Answer 12

À group that is rationally designed to achieve its objectives, often by Ean’s of explicit rules, regulations, and procedures