6.1

Question 1

acupuncture

Answer 1

very small needles are inserted on one of the 356 to 700 acupoints that are located on meridians throughout the body to release the flow of qi

Question 2

acute pain

Answer 2

similar to fight or flight reactions- 
increased heart rate 
increased blood pressure 
increased respiratory rate 
dilated pupils 
sweating

Question 3

addiction

Answer 3

occurs over a long time- not as a result of one hospital stay or treatment for one episode of acute pain.

Question 4

analgesic

Answer 4

pain relief medication

Question 5

breakthrough pain

Answer 5

transient, moderate to severe pain that occurs above the pain treated by depression

Question 6

Chronic Pain

Answer 6

Prolonged pain usually lasting beyond six months. Is often accomplished by depression

Question 7

Endorphins

Answer 7

Morphine like substances found in the central nervous system that alter the perception of pain

Question 8

Epidural Analgesia

Answer 8

Infusion of pain-relieving medication through a catheter placed into the epidural space surrounding the spinal cord. The administration may be intermittent or constant and is monitored by the nurse. Side effects to me monitored are depression of vital signs and of respiratory muscles.

Question 9

Pan Pathway

Answer 9

Afferent nerve- spinal cord-cerebral cortex-spinal cord-efferent nerve.

Question 10

On-Q-Pain Pump

Answer 10

Balloon type pump billed with a local anesthetic directly into an intra operative side for post operative pain relief.

Question 11

Pain Threshold

Answer 11

Point at which increasing intensity of stimuli is felt as painful, person becomes aware of the pain sensation.

Question 12

Patient-Controlled Analgesic (PCA)

Answer 12

Self-Administration of a predetermined does of analgesia by the client (usually by IV through a machine). Allows for a constant, steady, safe serum level of the analgesic.

Question 13

Phantom Limb Pain

Answer 13

Pain referred to an amputated leg where receptors and nerves are clearly absent. d

Question 14

Placebo

Answer 14

Inactive substitute given instead of a medication. Relief of pain by a placebo is in no way synonymous with malingering; the client has pain. Pain relief by a placebo is neither consistent nor predictable. The psychic response is influenced as well by the “placebo”effect of a trusting relationship with a nurse, physician or other persons, distractions, suggestion, environmental factors such as privacy and noise.
Recent studies suggest the effectiveness of placebo is related to the release of endorphins

Question 15

Potentiators

Answer 15

A group of medications used to intensify the action of narcotic agents, thus increasing the degree and duration of analgesia. Phenergan, Atarax, and Valium are examples of potentiators.

Question 16

Referred Pain

Answer 16

Pain in an area removed from that in which stimulation has its origins

Question 17

Stimulating Agents

Answer 17

Agents that stimulate pain receptors; mechanical, thermal, electrical and chemical.

Question 18

Tanscutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)

Answer 18

Battery operated unit with electrodes which produce tingling in are of pain. Decreased both acute and chronic pain by stimulating the non pain (non-nociceptors) in the area. If consistent with the gate control theory of pain.

Question 19

Morphine Sulfate

Answer 19

Opioid Analgesic, Watch for respiratory depression, only for moderate to severe pain, abuse potential, life threatening respiratory derepssion, alcohol interaction.

Question 20

Codeine

Answer 20

Opioid Analgesic, Cardiac arrhythmias, drug abuse/dependence

Question 21

titration

Answer 21

adjustment of IV fluid rate on the basis of the patient’s urine output plus serum electrolyte values.

Question 22

fentanyl

Answer 22

opioid anagesic, respiratory depression, CNS depression, asthenia, confusion, constipation, dry mouth, nausea, somnolence, sweating, vomiting.

Question 23

Example of relaxation techniques

Answer 23

breathing techniques, meditation, imagery, music, massage

Question 24

Best source for pain assessment?

Answer 24

What the patient says it is.

Question 25

Partially Needed care is when …

Answer 25

He neems SOME assistance tieh the USCRs and the DSCR

Question 26

Wholly needed care

Answer 26

need assistance with ALL the USCRs and DSCR

Question 27

When figuring out what the nursing diagnosis is, what do you do?

Answer 27

You cluster cues the normal from the abnormal

Question 28

The client says he can “tough it out” and he doesnt need the pain meds when he has a pain rating of 8, what would be the best nursing raional?

Answer 28

unreleaved pain is harmful for the body or it damages the
decreased bowel function
decreased pulmonary function
impaired immune function
sleeplessness
loss of appetite
impaired movement
anxiety and depression
feelings of helplessness and hopelessness

Question 29

When coming up with a teaching strategy for the patient best to look at?

Answer 29

The learning styles of the client

Question 30

What does hypnosis and imagery do?

Answer 30

hypnosis; an altered state of consciousness in which a person enters a trance and loses all an overall sense of reality. Imagery; a form of distraction in which the patient is encouraged to visualize or think about some pleasure or desirable feeling, sensation or event.

Question 31

let patient verbalze feelings if

Answer 31

he is stressed out before learning to administer insulin

Question 32

patient has a PICC line in place and you need to do some discharge teaching to prevent infection, what should the nurse do?

Answer 32

teach patients how to prevent infections

Question 33

What is a direction and guidance for client care?

Answer 33

nursing process

Question 34

Patient with a PCA keeps pressing the button to get more of the pain med. What would the nurse say?

Answer 34

The PCA is preset so you will get pain med every few minutes

Question 35

If the patient does not want to take the pain med and he is in pain

Answer 35

you have to explain why he should take it and the effects of not taking it. Explain to the patient that not taking med will have physiological harm

Question 36

The best way to describe a client goal/outcome

Answer 36

timely, measurable, realistic

Question 37

Know about motivation and what you would tell the client..who does not want to learn something..how to get them motivated.. to do a dressing change

Answer 37

tell him the advantage of reducing risk of infection/show them a picture of their grandchildren

Question 38

Which one of these is for mild/pain

Answer 38

Ibuprofen

Question 39

The nurse during the night shift prioritizes, What phase is this

Answer 39

planning

Question 40

The best rational with regards to teaching strategy or learning objective or something

Answer 40

content is based on clients knowledge and experience gained through prior learning

Question 41

During teaching, what’s a positive reinforcement when teaching a client?

Answer 41

give prompt feedback related to the situation

Question 42

Patient can read and write, what is the SCR?

Answer 42

DSCR

Question 43

Patient tells you she cant read well so what do you do?

Answer 43

Give her something in her language that she can understand

Question 44

When the nurse decides to turn a patient every two hours, what is this?

Answer 44

Independent

Question 45

2nd step of the nursing diagnosis is

Answer 45

related to (or etiology)

Question 46

Correctly written goal is

Answer 46

Postoperatively, the client will demonstrate to the nurse how to do a proper dressing chagne