6.1 Flashcards
Definition of acid
An acid is a chemical compound that produces hydrogen ions, H+ or hydroxonium ions, H30+ in the presence of water.
examples of monoprotic acid
Hydrochloric acid, HCI
nitric acid, HNO3
ethanoic acid, CH3COOH
examples of diprotic acid
sulphuric acid, H2SO4
carbonic acid, H2CO3
examples of tripotic acid
phosphoric acid, H3PO4
Uses of sulphuric acid
Production of detergents and as an electrolyte in lead-acid accumulators
Uses of nitric acid and sulphuric acid
Production of fertilisers
Uses of Methanoic acid
Coagulate latex in the rubber industry
Uses of carbonic acid
Fizzy soft drinks
Uses of benzoic acid
Food preservatives
Salicylic acid
Key ingredient in aspirin
Ascorbic acid
Citric acid
Lactic acid
Ethanoic acid
- vitamin C (present in fruits)
- citrus fruits
- sour milk
- vinegar
How are alkali and base different ?
A base is a chemical substance that neutralises an acid to produce salt and water only.
An alkali is a chemical compound that produces hydroxide ions, OH- in the presence of water.
Bases that are insoluble in water
- zinc oxide, ZnO
- zinc hydroxide, (Zn(OH))2
- copper (II) oxide, CuO
- copper(II) hydroxide, CuOH2
Bases that are soluble in water (alkalis)
- sodium oxide, Na2O
- sodium hydroxide, NaOH
- potassium oxide, K2O
- potassium hydroxide, KOH
- ammonia, NH3
aluminium hydroxide
toothpaste
