Sketchy Pharm: Muscarinic Antagonists Flashcards

1
Q

What two plants contain atropine?

A

Atropa belladonna (used to be used to dilate women’s eyes to make them more beautiful) and Jimson weeds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the technical name for dilated pupils?

A

Mydriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is cycloplegia?

A

Inability to control the ciliary muscle, leading to far sightedness; antimuscarinics can cause this, because the parasympathetic response is needed to focus on objects up close (think of the walrus with the scope – scopalamine is an antimuscarinic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which antimuscarinic can be applied transdermally?

A

Scopalamine (the eyepatch on the walrus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why is atropine used to treat bradycardia?

A

Because the M2 receptors on the heart cause relaxation and decreased HR; blocking this input stimulates tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

_____________ (an antimuscarinic) can be used to treat heart block.

A

Atropine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What antimuscarinics are used to treat COPD and asthma?

A

Ipratropium and tiotropium, which block the M3 receptor (think of the caterpillar inhaling smoke: “cat-ipra-tio-tropillar”)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What two antimuscarinics are used to treat overactive bladder?

A

Oxybutynin and tolterodine (think of the ox and the turtle shutting off the bladder-shaped vessel at the table)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In the CNS, antimuscarinics can be used to treat __________.

A

Parkinson’s (think of the parking sign)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What two antimuscarinics distribute best to the CNS?

A

Benztropine (think of the Benz parked at the M1 spot) and trihexiphenidyl (think of the tri-hexi car)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Parkinson’s results from decreased _________ activity and increased __________ activity.

A

dopamine; cholinergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why do antimuscarinics make you hot?

A

Because they suppress the sweating response (sympathetic input, but uses acetylcholine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some side effects of antimuscarinic overdose?

A

“Mad as a hatter (from blocking M1 in the CNS), blind as a bat (cycloplegia), dry as a cracker (decreased salivation), hot as a hare (suppressed sweating), and glaucoma”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly