601- Advanced Ed. Psych Flashcards
What are Erikson’s 8 stages of psychosocial development?
Infancy - trust vs. mistrust Early childhood - autonomy vs. shame and doubt Play age - Initiative vs. guilt School age - industry vs. inferiority Adolescence - identity vs. role confusion Young adulthood - intimacy vs. isolation Adulthood - generativity vs. stagnation Old age - integrity vs. despair
Describe Erikson’s Infancy stage of psychosocial development
Trust vs. Mistrust (hope)
Age 0-1 year
Describe Erikson’s Early Childhood stage of psychosocial development
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (will)
1-3 years
Describe Erikson’s Play Age stage of psychosocial development
Initiative vs. Guilt (purpose)
3-6 years
Describe Erikson’s School Age stage of psychosocial development
Industry vs. Inferiority (competence)
6-11 years
Describe Erikson’s Adolescence stage of psychosocial development
Identity vs. Role Confusion (fidelity)
12-20 years
Describe Erikson’s Young Adulthood stage of psychosocial development
Intimacy vs. Isolation (love)
18-30 years
Describe Erikson’s Adulthood stage of psychosocial development
Generativity vs. Stagnation (care)
35-65 years
What theorist elaborated on Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development?
James Marcia - four categories of identity development
Describe Erikson’s Old Age stage of psychosocial development
Integrity vs. Despair (wisdom)
65 years +
James Marcia’s four categories of identity development
Foreclosure
Diffusion
Moratorium
Achievement
Describe Marcia’s Foreclosure stage
Not actively exploring alternatives but decision was made
Describe Marcia’s Diffusion stage
Not actively exploring alternatives and no decision has been made
Describe Marcia’s Moratorium stage
Actively exploring alternatives but no decision has been made
Describe Marcia’s Achievement stage
Actively exploring alternatives and a decision has been made
What is Ethics of Care?
Nel Noddings
Expands on the idea that socio-emotional and moral development involves growth of caring (Compare to Erikson’s Generativity vs. Stagnation)
How can Ethics of Care be taught?
Including themes of care into curriculum.
- Caring for self, caring for others
- Embed themes of caring into all subject areas
- Make schools a ‘safe’ place
Nodding’s view of the Moral Mission of the school
- Instill respect in all forms of honest work done well
- prepare for world of work, parenting, and civic responsibility
- focus on matters of human caring, which can be richly intellectual
Nodding’s view of what should be done
- clearly proclaim that goal of education should be to produce competent, caring, loving, and lovable people.
- foster affiliation by keeping students and teachers together for several years
- relax impulse to control students and teachers
- give at least one part of every day to the themes of care
Cooperative Learning (Slavin) is…
students work together in small groups to help one another master material
Cooperative Learning works best when..
- groups consist of 4-6 members
- group goals and individual accountability
- group consists of a mixture of levels of student achievements
What type of benefits does cooperative learning produce?
Academic: positive results in all major subjects areas, in urban, rural, and suburban schools, and for high, average, and low achievers.
Social: positives outcomes for self-esteem, intergroup relations, acceptance of students with disabilities, attitudes towards school, and ability to work cooperatively.
Why does Slavin feel that team rewards and individual accountability are needed in Cooperative Learning approaches?
Students are judged based on their individual effort and improvement but group is rewarded as a whole. This ensures each student does their part because the consequences affect more than just themselves.
What are the categories of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?
(from the bottom) Physiological, Safety, Love/belonging, Esteem, Self- Actualization.
