601- Advanced Ed. Psych

Question 1

What are Erikson’s 8 stages of psychosocial development?

Answer 1

Infancy - trust vs. mistrust 
Early childhood - autonomy vs. shame and doubt 
Play age - Initiative vs. guilt
School age - industry vs. inferiority
Adolescence - identity vs. role confusion
Young adulthood - intimacy vs. isolation
Adulthood - generativity vs. stagnation
Old age - integrity vs. despair

Question 2

Describe Erikson’s Infancy stage of psychosocial development

Answer 2

Trust vs. Mistrust (hope)

Age 0-1 year

Question 3

Describe Erikson’s Early Childhood stage of psychosocial development

Answer 3

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (will)

1-3 years

Question 4

Describe Erikson’s Play Age stage of psychosocial development

Answer 4

Initiative vs. Guilt (purpose)

3-6 years

Question 5

Describe Erikson’s School Age stage of psychosocial development

Answer 5

Industry vs. Inferiority (competence)

6-11 years

Question 6

Describe Erikson’s Adolescence stage of psychosocial development

Answer 6

Identity vs. Role Confusion (fidelity)

12-20 years

Question 7

Describe Erikson’s Young Adulthood stage of psychosocial development

Answer 7

Intimacy vs. Isolation (love)

18-30 years

Question 8

Describe Erikson’s Adulthood stage of psychosocial development

Answer 8

Generativity vs. Stagnation (care)

35-65 years

Question 8

What theorist elaborated on Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development?

Answer 8

James Marcia - four categories of identity development

Question 9

Describe Erikson’s Old Age stage of psychosocial development

Answer 9

Integrity vs. Despair (wisdom)

65 years +

Question 10

James Marcia’s four categories of identity development

Answer 10

Foreclosure
Diffusion
Moratorium
Achievement

Question 11

Describe Marcia’s Foreclosure stage

Answer 11

Not actively exploring alternatives but decision was made

Question 12

Describe Marcia’s Diffusion stage

Answer 12

Not actively exploring alternatives and no decision has been made

Question 13

Describe Marcia’s Moratorium stage

Answer 13

Actively exploring alternatives but no decision has been made

Question 14

Describe Marcia’s Achievement stage

Answer 14

Actively exploring alternatives and a decision has been made

Question 15

What is Ethics of Care?

Nel Noddings

Answer 15

Expands on the idea that socio-emotional and moral development involves growth of caring (Compare to Erikson’s Generativity vs. Stagnation)

Question 16

How can Ethics of Care be taught?

Answer 16

Including themes of care into curriculum.

• Caring for self, caring for others
• Embed themes of caring into all subject areas
• Make schools a ‘safe’ place

Question 17

Nodding’s view of the Moral Mission of the school

Answer 17

• Instill respect in all forms of honest work done well
• prepare for world of work, parenting, and civic responsibility
• focus on matters of human caring, which can be richly intellectual

Question 18

Nodding’s view of what should be done

Answer 18

• clearly proclaim that goal of education should be to produce competent, caring, loving, and lovable people.
• foster affiliation by keeping students and teachers together for several years
• relax impulse to control students and teachers
• give at least one part of every day to the themes of care

Question 19

Cooperative Learning (Slavin) is…

Answer 19

students work together in small groups to help one another master material

Question 20

Cooperative Learning works best when..

Answer 20

• groups consist of 4-6 members
• group goals and individual accountability
• group consists of a mixture of levels of student achievements

Question 21

What type of benefits does cooperative learning produce?

Answer 21

Academic: positive results in all major subjects areas, in urban, rural, and suburban schools, and for high, average, and low achievers.
Social: positives outcomes for self-esteem, intergroup relations, acceptance of students with disabilities, attitudes towards school, and ability to work cooperatively.

Question 22

Why does Slavin feel that team rewards and individual accountability are needed in Cooperative Learning approaches?

Answer 22

Students are judged based on their individual effort and improvement but group is rewarded as a whole. This ensures each student does their part because the consequences affect more than just themselves.

Question 23

What are the categories of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?

Answer 23

(from the bottom) Physiological, Safety, Love/belonging, Esteem, Self- Actualization.

Question 24

Describe Maslow’s Physiological needs stage.

Answer 24

Air, food, water, sleep, sex, homeostasis, excretion.

Question 25

Describe Maslow’s Safety needs stage.

Answer 25

Security of body, employment, resources, morality, family, health, property.

Question 26

Describe Maslow’s Love/Belonging needs stage.

Answer 26

friendship, family, sexual intimacy

Question 27

Describe Maslow’s Esteem needs stage.

Answer 27

self-esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others

Question 28

Describe Maslow’s Self-Actualization needs stage.

Answer 28

morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts.

Question 29

Differentiate deficiency and growth needs

Answer 29

Deficiency force the body to satisfy them, growth needs are only acknowledged once all other needs are fulfilled.