600 BCE-600 CE Vocab.

Question 0

scholar-gentry

Answer 0

class of prosperous families next in wealth below the ruler aristocrats from which the rulers drew their administrative personnel; became a privileged group and made the gvnt. more efficient (China)

Question 1

classic, classical

Answer 1

traditional, relating to a form or system felt to be of first significance before modern times

Question 2

Mandate of Heaven

Answer 2

divine approval thought to be the basis of royal authority (Chinese history)

Question 3

dynastic cycle

Answer 3

historical pattern of the rise, decline, and replacement of dynasties

Question 4

filial piety

Answer 4

respect for parents and elders

Question 5

empire

Answer 5

political unit in which a number of peoples or countries are controlled by a single ruler

Question 6

aristocracy

Answer 6

land-owning families who make up a small portion of the population

Question 7

direct democracy

Answer 7

gvnt. where all citizens rule directly rather than through elected representatives

Question 8

citizen

Answer 8

member of a state; especially one entitled to the rights and privileges of a freeman

Question 9

rational thought

Answer 9

to base one’s opinion on evidence and reason rather than superstition or commonly accepted beliefs

Question 10

philosopher

Answer 10

thinkers who use logic and reason to investigate the nature of the universe, human society, and morality

Question 11

tyranny

Answer 11

form of gvnt. in which ruling power is in the hands of a person who has seized control through force or the manipulation of social groups

Question 12

oligarchy

Answer 12

form of gvnt. in which ruling power is in the hands of a few leaders

Question 13

barbarians

Answer 13

member of a society considered primitive, savage, etc.

Question 14

paterfamilias

Answer 14

legal head of the extended family in Rome and only person who could own property; made all decisions affecting wife, children, son’s wives

Question 15

latifundia

Answer 15

large landed estate in Ancient Rome typically worked by slaves

Question 16

autocracy

Answer 16

gvnt. where ruler has unlimited power and uses it however he wants

Question 17

dictator

Answer 17

political given absolute power to make laws and command the army for a limited time

Question 18

republic

Answer 18

gvnt. where power is in the hands of representatives and leaders are elected by people

Question 19

civil service

Answer 19

administrative departments of the gvnt, especially where employees are hired on the basis of the scores of examinations