6. The Aftermath Of The Terror Flashcards
When was the Repeal of Law of 22 Prairial?
1st August 1795 - many held under its terms were released.
When was the separation of Church and State
18th September 1795 -the state stopped paying clerical salaries and this ended the ‘Constitutional Church’ branch of government.
When was the closure of the Jacobin club?
12th November 1795 - all its affiliated societies were disbanded.
When was the law of Maximum repealed?
24th December 1795 - public workshops, used during the Terror as an attempt to aid the poor, were restored to private ownership
When and what was the Law on Revolutionary Government?
This was passed on 24th August and provided for the complete reorganisation of government and administration away from the highly centralised structure of the terror.
What was the overall aim of the ‘Thermidorians’?
To ensure stability by breaking down the government during the terror.
What was the ‘White Terror’?
A series of purges and campaigns against those involved in the Terror.
On what date was Robespierre executed?
28th July 1794
Who were the ‘Muscadins’ and what did they do?
Mobs of well off bourgeois young men who were royalists and dressed extravagantly. They supported the White terror and attacked sans culottes and Jacobins.
Give three examples of popular reaction against the Jacobins.
Compagnies de Jénu - in Lyons (royalist)
Compagnies du Soleil - in Nîmes (royalist)
A violent massacre in Lyons in May 1795 - spontaneous violence seeking vengeance.
When and what was the Verona Declaration?
Passed in June 1795 and was written by the Comte de Provence (Louis XVI’s brother) to encourage French glory and take revenge on all regicides.
What role did the government play in the White Terror?
By suppressing royalist uprisings
What economic crisis did the Thermidorians face in the spring of 1795?
By April 1795, the real value of the assignat was only a tenth of its value (due to the ending of the maximum and increased printing of assignat) and it continued to fall, forcing factories to close. Farmers refused to sell grain, causing the bread ration for Parisians to fall to 60g a day.
What military threat did the Thermidorians face from the Royalists?
Compete d’Artois (younger brother) also made a bid for power, linking up with Chouan rebels and supporting a British led invasion in Brittany. In February 1795, the treaty of La Jaunaye was signed between republicans and royalist rebels.
How did the Thermidorian’s try to crush the hopes of those seeking to reinstate the Catholic Church?
By banning religious dress, symbols, processions and bell ringing. It also decreed that all religious gatherings had to be subject to surveillance of authorities. However this was widely ignored by clergymen, so a new oath of loyalty was signed in February 1795.