6. Scattering Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of scattering experiments?

A

To explore the properties of a nucleus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define the total scattering cross section

A

The sum of elastic and inelastic processes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give the equation for the total scattering cross section

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Elastic scattering involves processes whose incident particles have ___ _____ initial and final energies.

A

The same

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Inelastic scattering involves processes in which _______ _____ occurs.

A

Energy loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define the total interaction cross-section

A

The sum of scattering and absorption cross sections.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Give the equation for the total interaction cross section

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Beam flux through thin target is attenuated with __________ decay.

A

Exponential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define incident flux

A

For a parallel beam of particles incident on a target, it is the number of incident particles per unit area per unit time passing perpendicular to the beam direction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Give the equation for the interaction probability

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the interaction probability equivalent to?

A

The fractional change in flux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Give the equation for the fractional change in flux

A

dI = change in flux
I = flux
n = number density of target particles per unit volume
A = area
dx = target thickness
σ = cross-section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Give the equation for the flux

A

I = flux
I0 = incident flux
n = number density of target particles per unit volume
σ = cross-section
x = position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Give the equation for the number of particles that have undergone an interaction

A

I_tot = number of particles that have undergone an interaction
I0 = incident flux
I = flux
n = number density of target particles per unit volume
σ = cross-section
x = position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the scattering cross section?

A

A value that encodes the probability that a particle is scattered. It doesn’t give information about the direction of scattered particles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why is it important to know the direction of a scattered particle?

A

It gives important information about the properties of the target particle (e.g. the shape of the nuclear potential).

17
Q

State the conversion from Cartesian coordinates to spherical polar coordinates

18
Q

Describe a volume element in spherical polar coordinates

19
Q

Define the differential cross section

A

The fraction of particles scattered into dΩ for a target with n particles per unit volume and thickness, t.

20
Q

What does the differential scattering cross-section say about a particle?

A

It gives information on the direction of scattered particles.

21
Q

Give the equation for the fraction of particles scattered in dΩ

22
Q

Give the equation for the differential scattering cross section

A

dσ = change in cross-section
dΩ = scattering position

23
Q

State the relation between the differential cross-section and total scattering cross-section

24
Q

How can the total cross-section be found?

A

It can be obtained from the attenuation through a target.

25
How can the total scattering cross-section be found?
It can be obtained by detecting all the particles scattered out of the beam direction.
26
What is the impact parameter?
The distance at which incident particle would pass by the target if there were no interaction, denoted by the symbol b.
27
Equate the differential scattering cross section to the impact parameter
28
The impact parameter can be related to the differential cross-section for problems with __________ symmetry.
Azimuthal
29
What are WIMPs?
Weakly interactive massive particles: they are a candidate for dark matter
30
Describe the Rutherford differential scattering cross-section