6 Nov 2024 Flashcards
What was the outcome of the Tehran Conference in 1943?
USSR agreed to wage war against Japan once Germany was defeated.
Area of eastern Poland was added to the USSR.
What were the key decisions made at the Yalta Conference in 1945?
Germany and Berlin were to be divided into 4 zones, liberated countries would have free elections, and Eastern Europe would be a Soviet ‘sphere of influence’.
Countries were also to join the UN.
What did the Long Telegram recommend?
US action against Soviet expansion.
What significant event occurred during the Potsdam Conference?
USA successfully tested their first atomic bomb, beginning the arms race with the USSR.
What did the Novikov Telegram warn about?
The US wanted to dominate the world.
What were Satellite States?
Communist states established by the USSR in most countries in Eastern Europe.
What were the consequences of the Hungarian Uprising?
Khrushchev’s position became stronger, 200,000 Hungarian refugees fled to Austria, and it showed the West would not aid Eastern Europe in overthrowing communism.
What triggered the Hungarian Uprising in October 1956?
Students and workers rioted and attacked the Secret Police, leading to Nagy taking over as prime minister.
What was the result of the Hungarian Uprising?
Khrushchev ordered a Soviet invasion, resulting in around 20,000 Hungarians being killed.
What was the Warsaw Pact?
A military alliance of communist countries controlled by the USSR, created in response to West Germany joining NATO.
What were the causes of the Hungarian Uprising?
Lack of political freedom, fuel shortages, poor harvests, and De-Stalinisation.
What did the Potsdam Conference decide regarding Germany?
Germany and Berlin were to be divided and demilitarised, with democracy established in Germany.
What was the Truman Doctrine?
A commitment by the US to ‘containment’, preventing the spread of communism.
What was the Marshall Plan?
America provided economic aid to poor countries to stop them from turning to communism, giving $12.7 billion to European countries between 1948-52.
What was Cominform?
An organization set up by Stalin to organize all communist parties in Europe and encourage them to block Marshall Plan assistance.
What was Comecon?
An economic organization aimed at supporting the economic growth of communist countries in Eastern Europe by encouraging trade among them.
What was NATO?
A military alliance created by the USA and Western European countries in response to the creation of Comecon and Cominform.
What led to the Berlin Blockade?
Stalin cut off all transport links to West Berlin in June 1948 to starve the West into submission after the introduction of the ‘Deutsch mark’.
How did the West respond to the Berlin Blockade?
With an airlift of food, fuel, and supplies for 10 months, until Stalin called off the blockade in May 1949.
