6: Muscles of Legs

Question 1

Muscles that move the thigh

Answer 1

psoas major, iliacus, gluteus maximus, tensor fasciae latae, gracilis

Question 2

the muscles that move the thigh originate from the _____ and insert on various places on the _____

Answer 2

pelvic girdle, femur

Question 3

what two muscles share the common insertion on the lesser trochanter of the femur

Answer 3

psoas major and iliacus

Question 4

what are the psoas major and iliacus referred to collectively

Answer 4

iliopsoas

Question 5

greek for loin region

Answer 5

psoas major

Question 6

work synergistically to flex the thigh

Answer 6

iliopsoas

Question 7

psoas major OIA

Answer 7

O:transverse processes and bodies of T12-L5
I: lesser trochanter of femur
A: flexes thigh

Question 8

iliacus OIA

Answer 8

O: iliac fossa
I: lesser trochanter of femur
A: flexes thigh

Question 9

posterior and lateral muscles that move the thigh

Answer 9

gluteus maximus and tensor fasciae latae

Question 10

powerful extensor muscle of the thigh and is very important for standing and locomotion

Answer 10

gluteus maximus

Question 11

gluteus maximus OIA

Answer 11

O:iliac crest, sacrum, and coccyx
I: iliotibial tract of fascia lata, linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity of femur
A: extends and rotates thigh laterally

Question 12

positioned on lateral surface of the hip

Answer 12

tensor fasciae latae

Question 13

tensor fasciae latae OIA

Answer 13

O: iliac crest and lateral surface of ASIS
I: iliotibial tract
A: abducts and medially rotates thigh

Question 14

long thin muscle that is the most superficial of the medial thigh muscles

Answer 14

gracilis

Question 15

gracilis OIA

Answer 15

O: inferior ramus and body of pubis
I: upper medial surface of tibia
A: adducts and flexes thigh, flexes leg

Question 16

muscles of the thigh that move the lower leg

Answer 16

sartorius, quadriceps femoris, and hamstrings

Question 17

the muscles that move the lower leg originate on the ____ or ____ and are surrounded and compartmentalized by tough fascial sheets which are a continuation of the ______

Answer 17

pelvic girdle, thigh, iliotibial tract

Question 18

anterior or extensor muscles that move the lower leg

Answer 18

sartorius and quadriceps femoris

Question 19

long strap-like muscle that obliquely crosses the anterior aspect of the thigh. longest muscle of the body. “tailor’s muscle” because it enables a cross-legged sitting position

Answer 19

sartorius

Question 20

sartorius OIA

Answer 20

O: ASIS
I: tibial tuberosity, medial side
A: flexes thigh and rotate laterally, flexes leg and rotates leg medially

Question 21

common insertion of quadriceps

Answer 21

quadriceps tendon to patella and then patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Question 22

quadriceps femoris

Answer 22

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

Question 23

rectus femoris OA

Answer 23

O:AIIS
A: extends leg, flexes thigh

Question 24

vastus lateralis OA

Answer 24

O: greater trochanter and linea aspera
A: extends leg

Question 25

vastus medialis OA

Answer 25

O: intertrochanteric line and linea aspera A: extends leg

Question 26

vastus intermedius OA

Answer 26

O: anteriolateral surface of femur A: extends leg

Question 27

antagonistic to quadriceps femoris

Answer 27

hamstrings

Question 28

hamstrings

Answer 28

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

Question 29

occupies the posterior lateral aspect of the thigh. tendon of insertion easily seen in the lateral popliteal region when knee is flexed

Answer 29

biceps femoris

Question 30

common origin of hamstrings

Answer 30

ischial tuberosity

Question 31

biceps femoris OIA

Answer 31

O: (long head) ischial tuberosity, (short head) linea aspera I: head of fibula A: extends thigh (long head only), flexes leg (both heads), and laterally rotates leg

Question 32

located on the posterior medial aspect of the thigh. tendon of insertion is easily felt in the medial popliteal region when the knee is flexed

Answer 32

semitendinosus (superficial) and semimembranosus (deep)

Question 33

semitendinosus insertion

Answer 33

proximal medial surface of tibia

Question 34

semitendinosus and semimembranosus action

Answer 34

extends thigh and flexes leg, medially rotates leg

Question 35

semimembranosus insertion

Answer 35

posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia

Question 36

anterior crural muscles

Answer 36

tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus

Question 37

can be easily felt on the anterior lateral portion of the tibia

Answer 37

tibialis anterior

Question 38

tibialis anterior OIA

Answer 38

O: lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia and interosseous membrane I: first metatarsal and medial cuneiform A: dorsiflexion and inversion

Question 39

extensor hallucis longus OIA

Answer 39

O: anterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane I: distal phalanx of digit 1 A: extends great toe, dorsiflexion

Question 40

lateral crural muscles

Answer 40

peroneus (fibularis) longus and peroneus (fibularis) brevis

Question 41

long flat muscle on the lateral aspect of the leg that passes under the arch of the foot to insert on the first metatarsal and cuneiform

Answer 41

peroneus (fibularis) longus

Question 42

peroneus (fibularis) longus OIA

Answer 42

O: head and superior shaft of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia I: base of first metatarsal and tarsal bone (cuneiform) A: eversion and weak plantar flexion

Question 43

peroneus (fibularis) brevis OIA

Answer 43

O: midlateral shaft of fibula I: base of fifth metatarsal A: eversion, weak plantar flexion

Question 44

posterior crural muscles

Answer 44

gastrocnemius and soleus

Question 45

gastrocnemius OIA

Answer 45

O:superior posterior non-articular surfaces of lateral and medial condyles of femur I: calcaneus via calcaneal (achilles) tendon A: flexes leg and plantar flexion

Question 46

soleus OIA

Answer 46

O: head and proximal shaft of fibula and medial border of tibia I: calcaneus via calcaneal (achilles) tendon A: plantar flexion