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Human Dissection > 6: Muscles of Legs > Flashcards

6: Muscles of Legs Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles that move the thigh

A

psoas major, iliacus, gluteus maximus, tensor fasciae latae, gracilis

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2
Q

the muscles that move the thigh originate from the _____ and insert on various places on the _____

A

pelvic girdle, femur

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3
Q

what two muscles share the common insertion on the lesser trochanter of the femur

A

psoas major and iliacus

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4
Q

what are the psoas major and iliacus referred to collectively

A

iliopsoas

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5
Q

greek for loin region

A

psoas major

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6
Q

work synergistically to flex the thigh

A

iliopsoas

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7
Q

psoas major OIA

A

O:transverse processes and bodies of T12-L5
I: lesser trochanter of femur
A: flexes thigh

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8
Q

iliacus OIA

A

O: iliac fossa
I: lesser trochanter of femur
A: flexes thigh

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9
Q

posterior and lateral muscles that move the thigh

A

gluteus maximus and tensor fasciae latae

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10
Q

powerful extensor muscle of the thigh and is very important for standing and locomotion

A

gluteus maximus

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11
Q

gluteus maximus OIA

A

O:iliac crest, sacrum, and coccyx
I: iliotibial tract of fascia lata, linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity of femur
A: extends and rotates thigh laterally

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12
Q

positioned on lateral surface of the hip

A

tensor fasciae latae

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13
Q

tensor fasciae latae OIA

A

O: iliac crest and lateral surface of ASIS
I: iliotibial tract
A: abducts and medially rotates thigh

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14
Q

long thin muscle that is the most superficial of the medial thigh muscles

A

gracilis

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15
Q

gracilis OIA

A

O: inferior ramus and body of pubis
I: upper medial surface of tibia
A: adducts and flexes thigh, flexes leg

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16
Q

muscles of the thigh that move the lower leg

A

sartorius, quadriceps femoris, and hamstrings

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17
Q

the muscles that move the lower leg originate on the ____ or ____ and are surrounded and compartmentalized by tough fascial sheets which are a continuation of the ______

A

pelvic girdle, thigh, iliotibial tract

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18
Q

anterior or extensor muscles that move the lower leg

A

sartorius and quadriceps femoris

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19
Q

long strap-like muscle that obliquely crosses the anterior aspect of the thigh. longest muscle of the body. “tailor’s muscle” because it enables a cross-legged sitting position

A

sartorius

20
Q

sartorius OIA

A

O: ASIS
I: tibial tuberosity, medial side
A: flexes thigh and rotate laterally, flexes leg and rotates leg medially

21
Q

common insertion of quadriceps

A

quadriceps tendon to patella and then patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

22
Q

quadriceps femoris

A

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

23
Q

rectus femoris OA

A

O:AIIS
A: extends leg, flexes thigh

24
Q

vastus lateralis OA

A

O: greater trochanter and linea aspera
A: extends leg

25
Q

vastus medialis OA

A

O: intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
A: extends leg

26
Q

vastus intermedius OA

A

O: anteriolateral surface of femur
A: extends leg

27
Q

antagonistic to quadriceps femoris

A

hamstrings

28
Q

hamstrings

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

29
Q

occupies the posterior lateral aspect of the thigh. tendon of insertion easily seen in the lateral popliteal region when knee is flexed

A

biceps femoris

30
Q

common origin of hamstrings

A

ischial tuberosity

31
Q

biceps femoris OIA

A

O: (long head) ischial tuberosity, (short head) linea aspera
I: head of fibula
A: extends thigh (long head only), flexes leg (both heads), and laterally rotates leg

32
Q

located on the posterior medial aspect of the thigh. tendon of insertion is easily felt in the medial popliteal region when the knee is flexed

A

semitendinosus (superficial) and semimembranosus (deep)

33
Q

semitendinosus insertion

A

proximal medial surface of tibia

34
Q

semitendinosus and semimembranosus action

A

extends thigh and flexes leg, medially rotates leg

35
Q

semimembranosus insertion

A

posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia

36
Q

anterior crural muscles

A

tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus

37
Q

can be easily felt on the anterior lateral portion of the tibia

A

tibialis anterior

38
Q

tibialis anterior OIA

A

O: lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia and interosseous membrane
I: first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
A: dorsiflexion and inversion

39
Q

extensor hallucis longus OIA

A

O: anterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane
I: distal phalanx of digit 1
A: extends great toe, dorsiflexion

40
Q

lateral crural muscles

A

peroneus (fibularis) longus and peroneus (fibularis) brevis

41
Q

long flat muscle on the lateral aspect of the leg that passes under the arch of the foot to insert on the first metatarsal and cuneiform

A

peroneus (fibularis) longus

42
Q

peroneus (fibularis) longus OIA

A

O: head and superior shaft of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
I: base of first metatarsal and tarsal bone (cuneiform)
A: eversion and weak plantar flexion

43
Q

peroneus (fibularis) brevis OIA

A

O: midlateral shaft of fibula
I: base of fifth metatarsal
A: eversion, weak plantar flexion

44
Q

posterior crural muscles

A

gastrocnemius and soleus

45
Q

gastrocnemius OIA

A

O:superior posterior non-articular surfaces of lateral and medial condyles of femur
I: calcaneus via calcaneal (achilles) tendon
A: flexes leg and plantar flexion

46
Q

soleus OIA

A

O: head and proximal shaft of fibula and medial border of tibia
I: calcaneus via calcaneal (achilles) tendon
A: plantar flexion

Human Dissection (12 decks)

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