6. Metabolism

Question 1

Catabolism

Answer 1

Chemical reactions that break down molecules into smaller units and produces ATP
Exergonic
products have lower potential energy
Increase of entropy

Question 2

Anabolism

Answer 2

Chemical reactions that build molecules from smaller units and require an input of energy
Endergonic
products have higher potential energy

Question 3

ATP

Answer 3

Energy is released when new, more stable bonds are formed

Exergonic

Question 4

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 4

Energy is conserved; it is neither created nor destroyed

Question 5

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 5

Energy transformations always result in an increase in disorder in the universe

Question 6

Gibbs Free Energy (G)

Answer 6

The amount of energy available to do work
-G = spontaneous
+G = not spontaneous

Question 7

Energetic coupling

Answer 7

The Process in which a spontaneous reaction drives a non-spontaneous reaction
- Reactions must occur together

Question 8

Allosteric Enzymes

Answer 8

Enzymes that are regulated by molecules that bind at sites other than their active sites

Question 9

Activators

Answer 9

Increase the activity of enzymes

Question 10

Inhibitors

Answer 10

Decrease the activity of enzymes by 1. binding to the active site or 2. changing the shape of the enzyme

Question 11

Reversible reactions

Answer 11

High concentration of reactant compared to product can make the forward reaction exergonic