6. Immune And Lymphatic System

Question 1

Simple microorganism that may cause disease and is not considered to be alive and only multiplies inside infected cells

Answer 1

Virus

Question 2

Endocytosis of large particles

Answer 2

Phagocytosis

Question 3

Unicellular microorganism that may cause disease that has a cell wall but lacks organelles and an organised nucleus

Answer 3

Bacteria

Question 4

Signalling proteins that attract cells (chemotaxis)

Answer 4

Chemokines

Question 5

Any organism or agent that can cause disease

Answer 5

Pathogen

Question 6

Small proteins that allow cells to communicate with each other over short distances

Answer 6

Cytokines

Question 7

A type of immunity that is relatively slow-acting and is protective against a specific pathogen

Answer 7

Adaptive immunity

Question 8

A cell capable of phagocytosis

Answer 8

Phagocyte

Question 9

Spore-producing single celled and multicellular organisms that feed on organic matter and may cause disease

Answer 9

Fungi

Question 10

A type of immunity that is fast acting and protects against a broad range of pathogens

Answer 10

Innate immunity

Question 11

Include protozoa, helminths and ectoparasites; live in or on the host organism and depend on them for survival, and may spread disease

Answer 11

Parasite

Question 13

Phagocyte in the blood that transforms into a macrophage when it moves into and takes up residence in the tissues

Answer 13

Monocyte

Question 14

Hallmark of the innate immune response characterised by heat, redness, pain and swelling

Answer 14

Inflammation

Question 15

A pro-inflammatory leukocyte

Answer 15

Basophil

Question 16

A leukocyte that has anti-inflammatory function

Answer 16

Eosinophil

Question 17

System of liver-derived plasma proteins that are activated by foreign material, pathogens or damaged cells, and play a role in the innate immune response

Answer 17

Complement system

Question 18

A non-specific immune response protective against a broad range of pathogens

Answer 18

Innate immune response

Question 19

A pro-inflammatory immune cell that is found in tissue that has contact with the outside environment such as the skin, respiratory tract and digestive tract

Answer 19

Mast cell

Question 20

An immune cell that is an important phagocyte, and captures, processes and presents antigens to B and T cells

Answer 20

Dendritic cells

Question 21

A leukocyte that is an important phagocyte, along with monocytes, macrophages, mast cells and dendritic cells

Answer 21

Neutrophils

Question 22

An immune cell that contains cytotoxic granules and is particularly important for eliminating virus-infected cells and cancer cells

Answer 22

Natural killer cells

Question 23

Part of the innate immune system associated with barrier defences

Answer 23

Barrier defences

Question 24

An immune cell that produces large numbers of antibodies

Answer 24

Plasma cell

Question 25

An immune cell important for antibody-mediated immunity that can transform into a plasma cell

Answer 25

B cell

Question 26

A specific immune response protective against a single pathogen or antigen

Answer 26

Adaptive immune response

Question 27

A blood protein produced in response to an antigen, to help destroy the antigen

Answer 27

Antibody

Question 28

An immune cell important for cell-mediated immunity against virus-infected cells and foreign cells and tissues

Answer 28

T cell

Question 29

Any substance that causes the body to make an immune response against that substance

Answer 29

Antigen

Question 30

Sites where lymphocytes mature

Answer 30

Primary lymphatic organs

Question 31

Secondary lymphatic organ that is a dense cluster of lymphocytes without a capsule

Answer 31

Lymphatic nodule

Question 32

Primary lymphatic organ that is the site of B cell and natural killer cell maturation

Answer 32

Bone marrow

Question 33

The fluid contained within lymph vessels

Answer 33

Lymph

Question 34

Primary lymphatic organ that is the site of T cell and natural killer cell maturation

Answer 34

Thymus

Question 35

Secondary lymphatic organs that are bean-shaped lymph filters

Answer 35

Lymph nodes

Question 36

A secondary lymphatic organ that removes dying red blood cells

Answer 36

Spleen

Question 37

Sites of adaptive and innate immune responses

Answer 37

Secondary lymphatic organs

Question 38

A system of vessels, cells and organs that carry excess fluid to the bloodstream and filter pathogens from blood

Answer 38

Lymphatic system