6 - Hallucinogens Flashcards
What is the effect of hallucinogens on the body? (Not the physiological process)
Disrupts interaction of nerve cells & serotonin
What type of hallucinogens are there?
Psychedelics
Dissociatives
Deliriants
What is LSD?
Lysergic acid diethylamide
What receptor does LSD act on? State the effect
Agonist at 5-HT Raphe neuron - responsible for release of serotonin
What part of the brain does LSD act on? State the effect
Cerebral cortex - changes mood, perception
Locus cerelus - distorts sensory stimuli
What is an identifying structural feature of hallucinogens?
Describe the structure
Indole ring
Hexagon with pentagon
Pentagon has H N
Name four different hallucinogenic substances, and where they derive from
Mescaline - cactus
Psilocybin - mushroom
Psilocin - mushroom
Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) - vine
What is LSA, where does it derive from and how is it comparable to LSD?
- D-lysergic acid amide
- Ololiuqui plant
- Similar structure & effects to LSD
- Less potent than LSD, more likely to sedate
What is the active ingredient in DMT?
Ayahuasca
How long does it take for LSD to take effect and how long does it last? (Oral administration)
30 mins, 8-12 hours
What is the t1/2 of LSD?
2.5 hours
Where and how is LSD metabolised?
Liver via:
- hydroxylation
- glucuronide conjugation
What is the metabolite of LSD?
2-oxylysergide
Is LSD a) addicting, b) cause dependence and c) cause tolerance?
a) Yes, but doesn’t stimulate limbic system
b) No evidence to suggest, also no withdrawal symptoms
c) Yes
