6 Chapter 11 Ethical And Legal Considerations

Question 1

Study of ethics

Answer 1

Considers the standards of moral conduct within a society. Personal ethics are influenced by values, societal norms and practices

Question 2

Ethical theories

Answer 2

Deontology

Utilitarianism

Question 3

Deontology

Answer 3

Is an ethical theory that stresses the rightness and wrongness of individual behaviors, duties, and obligations without concern for the consequences

Question 4

Utilitarianism

Answer 4

Maintains that behaviors are determined to be either right or wrong solely on the basis of their consequences

Question 5

Autonomy

Answer 5

The concept of making decisions supported by knowledge and self-confidence

Question 6

Accountability

Answer 6

The concept of being answerable for ones actions

Question 7

Advocacy

Answer 7

The concept of supporting or promoting the interest of others or a cause greater than ourselves

Question 8

Beneficence

Answer 8

The concept of “doing good”

Question 9

Confidentiality

Answer 9

The concept of limiting the sharing of private patient information

Question 10

Fidelity

Answer 10

The concept of keeping promises or agreements made with others

Question 11

Justice

Answer 11

The concept of acting fairly and equitably

Question 12

Nonmaleficence

Answer 12

The concept of avoiding harm

-euthanasia

Question 13

Responsibility

Answer 13

The concept of being dependable and reliable

Question 14

Veracity

Answer 14

The concept of being truthful

Question 15

Code of ethics

Answer 15

Defines the values, morals, and standards guiding practice within a specific discipline or profession

Question 16

Code of ethics for nurses

Answer 16

The principle of respect for persons extends to all individuals with whom the nurse interacts. The nurse maintains compassionate and caring relationships with colleagues and others with a commitment to the fair treatment of individuals, to integrity-preserving compromise, and to resolving conflict.(ANA, 2008, p149) provision 1.5 code of ethics for nurses

Question 17

Educators

Answer 17

To advise and supervise their students, collaborate with students to identify individual learning needs within the clinical setting, and facilitate the educational process

Question 18

Students

Answer 18

To behave responsibly and respectfully toward all, be accountable for their actions, develop professionally, and strive to learn all that is necessary to care for patients and their families

Question 19

Civility

Answer 19

Or acting politely, is essential in all interactions among faculty and nursing students. Respectful interaction between students and faculty members establishes professional communication patterns and affects the way in which students interact with patients

Question 20

EBP and informatics (incivility)

Answer 20

Reported loss of sleep, increased stress and depression, feelings of powerlessness, decreased confidence

Question 21

Bioethics

Answer 21

Is the study of ethical and philosophical issues in biology and medicine
Issues: genetic testing, cloning an embryonic stem cell research, end-of-life care

Question 22

Futile care

Answer 22

Care that is perceived as useless and the prolongs the time until death rather than restoring life

Question 23

Bioethics challenges

Answer 23

Require the support of a professional counselor, loved ones, and friends to decide what is the best in each unique circumstances

Question 24

Role of ethic committees

Answer 24

1. ) Establish policies that govern health care decision making
2. ) review cases in which clarity is needed
3. ) identify sets of values relevant to cases
4. ) determine any values conflicts that may exist
5. ) interview key individuals impacting the case being reviewed.
6. ) provide unbiased input is not possible form a patient
7. ) clarify potential legal implications of the medical interventions

Question 25

Legal implications in nursing practice

Answer 25

1. ) delineate acceptable nursing practice 2. ) provide a basis on which many health care decisions are made 3. ) protect nurses from liability

Question 26

Constitutional law

Answer 26

Based on the U.S. constitution

Question 27

Statutory law

Answer 27

Created by legislative bodies such as the US congress and state legislatures

Question 28

NPA nursing practice act

Answer 28

Defines the scope of nursing practice within the state

Question 29

Regulatory law

Answer 29

Nursing rules and regulations are categorized as regulatory law

Question 30

Case law

Answer 30

Determined by judicial decisions from individual court cases

Question 31

Safe practice alert

Answer 31

Rules and regulations governing nursing practice are reviewed and revised on a regular basis

Question 32

Criminal law

Answer 32

Is the body of state and federal laws written to prevent harm to the country, state, and individual citizens

Question 33

Misdemeanor

Answer 33

Is a crime of lesser consequence that is punishable by a fine or incarceration in a local or county jail for up to 1 year

Question 34

Felony

Answer 34

Is a more serious crime that results in the perpetrators being imprisoned in a state or federal facility for more than 1 year

Question 35

Civil law

Answer 35

Governs unjust acts against individuals, rather than federal or state crimes

Question 36

Torts

Answer 36

Are wrong unjust acts against individuals, rather than federal or state crimes

Question 37

Torts

Answer 37

Are wrongs committed against another person that do not involve a contract

Question 38

Intentional torts

Answer 38

Are wrongs committed by individuals who deliberately seek to injure or hurt another person

Question 39

Unintentional torts

Answer 39

Are omissions or acts by individuals that cause unintended harm

Question 40

Duty

Answer 40

It must be proved that the nurse or other health care provider owed a duty of care to the accusing patient

Question 41

Dereliction

Answer 41

There must be evidence that the nurses actions did not meet the standard of care required or that care was totally omitted

Question 42

Damages

Answer 42

Actual injury to the accusing patient must be evident

Question 43

Direct cause

Answer 43

A casual relationship must be established between harm to the accusing patient and the actions or omitted acts of the nurse

Question 44

Guidelines for professional nursing practice within legal boundaries

Answer 44

Maintain confidentiality Follow legal and ethical guidelines when sharing information Document punctually and accurately Adhere to established institutional policies governing safety and procedures Comply with legal requirements for handling and disposing controlled substances Meet licensure requirements Practice responsibly within the scope of personal capabilities, professional experience, and education

Question 45

Professional liability issue

Answer 45

Professional practice conduct Adherence to the principles for delegation by the ANA and legally binding within each states NPA Accurate and timely documentation

Question 46

Accurate and timely documentation

Answer 46

They become the legal record of care provided by the nurse

Question 47

Legal issues guiding patient care

Answer 47

``` Informed consent Patients bill of rights Organ donations Advance directives -living will, durable power of attorney, health care proxy Do not resuscitate orders ```

Question 48

Advance directive forms

Answer 48

Is a process that involves personal reflection, information gathering, discussion with loved ones, decision making, and documentation of individual choices -when signed and motorized it plows an individuals health care choices to be followed when resuscitation or other extraordinary measures are being considered

Question 49

Laws impacting professional practice

Answer 49

Licensure Standards of care HIPAA

Question 50

Laws impacting professional practice

Answer 50

``` Uniform determination of death act Assisted suicide and euthanasia Natural death acts Americans with disabilities act (ADA) Physical restraints Additional acts introduced in congress Ultimate responsibility of professional nurses ```