6- Cervical Mechanics and Functional Anatomy (PS) Flashcards
Which cervical vertebra(e) are considered atypical cervical vertebrae?
a) C1
b) C2
c) C3
d) C7
A) C1 = atlas
B) C2 = axis
Which cervical muscles are deep layer muscles located close to the axis of rotation and provide precise control of motion over the motion segment?
Intrinsic Muscles
Which cervical muscles provide power with movement but lack the ability to precisely control movement?
Extrinsic muscle
Control of flexion in the upper cervical spine is due to which muscles?
a) Rectus capitis anterior and longus capitius
b) Longus capitius and rectus capitis lateralis
c) Rectus capitis lateralis and Rectus capitis anterior
d) Longus Colli and Longus capitius
c) Rectus capitis lateralis and Rectus capitis anterior
Control of flexion in the lower cerivcal segments is due to which muscles?
a) Rectus capitis anterior and longus capitius
b) Longus capitius and rectus capitis lateralis
c) Rectus capitis lateralis and Rectus capitis anterior
d) Longus Colli and Longus capitius
d) Longus Colli and Longus capitius
Impairment of intrinsics is associated with what symptoms?
cervical spine pain and cervicogenic headaches
Often seen in older patients, excessive translation is associated with …?
loss of intrinsic muscle function, bony changes (bone spurs)
Cervical extrinsic muscles produce force with ____ and cause _____ translation of vertebrae with flexion
flexion; forward translation
A patient comes in with tight upper Trapezius and levator scapulus, inhibited Rhomboids and serratus anterior, inhibited neck flexors, and tight pectoralis, what do you think he has?
Upper Crossed Syndrome/ Vladimir Janda
If your deep neck flextures don’t work, it can cause stress on your spine, which causes forward translation.. this leads to abnormal bone processes. Then Stretch of the OA?
…
Cervogenic Headache is caused by what?
Hypertonic or shortened muscles of intrinsic ce
When assessing cervical vertebrae, what do we place our hands on to make the assessment?
Articular pillars
lateral masses between the superior and inferior facet joints. Posterior to the transverse process
Vertebral motions are related to what surfaces?
Anterior and Superior surfaces
Which vertebral facet joints backwards, upwards, and medial?
BUM!! = Cervical!
Rotation right of the cervicals rotate go with sidebending to what direction?
a) None
b) Right
c) Left
b) RIGHT
Cervical spine DOES NOT follow FRYETTE’s principles!!
T or F: The Cervical spine always follows Fryette’s principles.
FALSE; because the facet joints always rotate in the SAME direction as sidebending. (NOT Fryette’s prinicples).
Primary motion for the upper portion of the lower cervical unit is _____?
Rotation (C2-C4)
Primary motion for the lower portion of the lower cervical unit is _____?
Sidebending (C5-C7)
OA Mechanics (Occiput on Atlas) primary motion is ________? What is the relationship of sidebending and rotation?
FLEXION & EXTENSION
Sidebending and rotation = Opposite sides ALWAYS.
Hint: OA = Opposite Always
(TQ)
AA Mechanics (Atlas on Axis) primary motion is _________.
ROTATION ONLY.
50% of cervical spine rotation occurs here. Very important joint for rotation.
Very limited sidebending.
In motion testing of the cervical spine, left to right translation ought to induce what direction side bending?
a) Right
b) Left
c) Forward
d) Back
Left to right = Right translation
Therefore, Left sidebending
In motion testing of the cervical spine, which the following is not paired correctly?
a) OA:: Translation
b) AA:: rotation
c) C3:: Articular pillars
d) C1: Articular pillars
d) C1: Articular pillars
A patient is have to have a limited translation to the right at the C6 level. It improves in both flexion and extension. What is the diagnosis?
C6 N SrRr
A patient is found to have a limited translation to the right at the OA level. It improves in extension, but not in flexion. What’s the diagnosis?
OA E SrRl
