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Assessment > 6 Assessment Modules > Flashcards

6 Assessment Modules Flashcards

1
Q

Risk factors for VTE?

A

Positioning / immobilizing during surgery
Injured blood vessels
Retraction devices compressing tissue

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2
Q

Nurses role for VTE?

A

Identifying risk factors
Collaboration
Advocating for patient needs
VTE prophylaxis

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3
Q

How does VTE occur?

A

Blood clot forms inside deep vein in extremity or pelvis

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4
Q

What is a PE?

A

A blood clot that breaks free in the vein and travels though pulmonary system through the heart and occludes arteries

  • DVT primary cause
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5
Q

Mechanical prophylaxis for VTE?

A

SDCs
Early ambulation
Foot / ankle exercises

  • increasing blood flow
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6
Q

Why are SCDs ordered during surgery?

A

Anesthesia causes loss of muscle tone which leads to dilation of leg veins

  • minimizing dilation helps prevent DVT
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7
Q

Pharmacologic prophylaxis for VTE?

A

Anticoagulant

Nurse needs to administer as prescribed, while assessing for potential contradictions
Ex. Bleeding, pregnancy

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8
Q

Why is GERD relevant health history?

A

Risk of aspiration

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9
Q

Bariatric pre-op assessment considerations for OR?

A 
Comorbidites 
OSA ?
- difficult airway 
Skin integrity 
- ?rash in skin folds 
Positioning 
- inability to lie flat 
Reducing stigma
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10
Q

What is cricoid pressure?

A

Used in endotracheal intubation
Reduces risk of aspiration

Helps visualize larynx by application of of pressure to cricoid cartilage at neck occluding esophagus

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11
Q

Geriatric positioning?

A

Probe to pressure injures
- redistributing pads
Arms at < 90 to decrease stress on nerves
Safety straps
Bump under hip to avoid compressing inferior vena cava
Adequate team members for repositioning
SCDs

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12
Q

Intra operative considerations for bariatric patients?

A

Be alert for slippage
Increased risk of RSI’s
Repositioning / pressure points

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13
Q

Considerations of pediatric patient for surgery?

A

Recognizing different stages of development that may affect assessment
Neonatal - increased risk of heat loss, hypoglycemia, dehydration
Infant - preventing injuries
Toddler - regression, avoid losing trust
Preschool - fear of loss of control, fear of pain, regression
School age - age appropriate to give education to them, privacy
Adolescence- more aware, give honest/accurate info, privacy (remove parents)

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14
Q

Pre op assessment of paediatric patients

A 
Patient focused model - involves family 
Loose teeth 
Skin assessment - acne, signs of child abuse
Preg testing for appropriate age 
Consent
Height and weight - med admin
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15
Q

Intra op phase for paediatric patients?

A 
Bringing security items
Parent present for induction 
Supplies - appropriate size 
Thermoregulation 
Fluid balance positioning
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16
Q

Post op considerations for paediatric?

A 
Temp maintenance (hypothermia)
Delirium - inconsolable (need O2)
Parental presence 
Security items 
Pain
17
Q

Perioperative care of older adult?

A

> 65yrs old
Sensitivity to meds
Underlying cognitive dysfunction
Hearing/vision/mobility impaired

18
Q

Positioning of older adult in OR?

A

Increased risk of injury
Joint stiffness - never force
Padding - avoid compression of nerves and pressure injuries

19
Q

Older adults risk of hypothermia?

A

Temp < 36
Warming blankets, forced air warmers, warm fluids

  • increase risk of blood loss, SSI, and hospital stays

Increased risk d/t decreased muscle mass, impaired thermoregulation, lower metabolic rate, decreased vascular activity

20
Q

Older adults non medical concerns with surgery?

A

Changes in function/ADLs
Financial concerns
Transport
Stress on family

  • know available resources available
21
Q

Challenges with care of older adult during surgery?

A 
Require more post op care 
Comirbidites
Poor outcomes
- delirium 
-UTIs 
- pressure sores 
- falls
- functional decline
22
Q

What is advanced care directive?

A

Living will
Patient wishes
DNR

Assessment (6 decks)

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