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Chemistry 6 > 6 > Flashcards

6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Group number

A

Is representative of the number of electrons in the highest energy level

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2
Q

How would you recognize that it was a transition metal, based in the electron configuration?

A

It would have something in the d section

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3
Q

If the electron configuration contains an f what is it

A

An inner transition

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4
Q

Atomic number =

A

of protons

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5
Q

When s and p are full it is called a

A

Noble gas

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6
Q

When identifying an element, first see if ______ is full, the look for _

A

First see if s and p are full, then look for d

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7
Q

Metals are what kind of ion

A

Cations

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8
Q

Nonmetals are what kind of ion

A

Anions

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9
Q

Cations-

A

Like to give electrons away - become s,Allen and are positive

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10
Q

Anions -

A

Like to take electrons away - become bigger and are negative

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11
Q

Atomic radius is measured in

A

Picometers

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12
Q

Ion

A

When an element gets a positive or negative charge

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13
Q

Anions start out ____ than cations

A

Bigger

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14
Q

Anions are bigger because

A

Negatives are bigger than positives

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15
Q

Explain the difference between the first and second ionization energy?

A

First = energy to remove one electron
Second = energy to remove two electrons
It just continues on

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16
Q

A representative element is partially ____ unlike ____ noble gases

A

Partially full unlike noble gases

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17
Q

Ionization increases as you go from ____ to _____?

A

Left to right ->

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18
Q

Representative are when _ and _ aren’t full

A

S and p

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19
Q

Halogens want to ____ an electron to be full

A

Take

20
Q

Electron negativity is the ability

A

Of an atom to attract an electron

21
Q

Electron are elements _____ an electron while ionization are these _____ surrendering an electron

A

A. Accepting

B. Surrendering

22
Q

If it’s a metal it wants to ____ an electron

A

Surrender

23
Q

Elements are

A

Neutral

24
Q

Atomic radius

A

Take two atoms and connect the nucleus to divide in half

25
Q

Ionic energy

A

The energy required to move an electron from an atom

26
Q

Noble gases never want to ____

A

React?

27
Q

The more protons the ___ ___ __ and the ___ it becomes

A

Stronger the pull

Smaller

28
Q

By the year 1700 only __ elements were discovered

A

13

29
Q
  • 1765-1775 in one decade ___ new elements were discovered

* 1780-1849 who published a classification systems

A
  • 1765-1775 in one decade 5 new elements were discovered

* 1780-1849 J.W. Dobereiner published a classification systems

30
Q

Elements were placed in a

A

Triad

31
Q

Triad

A

• 3 elements of similar properties were placed in a triad
- Noted that one element in each triad to have similar chemical properties with values that fell midway between those of the other two elements
• these values were close to the actual atomic mass

32
Q

• in 1869 a Russian chemist and teacher, ______ published a table of the elements

A

Dimitri Mendeleev

33
Q

• Later that year ____, a German chemist published a nearly identical table

A

Meyer

34
Q

Who got the credit

A

Mendeleev because he published first

35
Q

How did Mendeleev arrange his periodic table

A
  • Mendeleev arranged the elements in his periodic table in order of increasing atomic mass
  • Mendeleev developed his periodic table before it was discovered that the atoms of each element contain a unique number of protons (atomic number)
36
Q

Modern periodic table

A
  • elements arranged in order of increasing atomic number
  • There are 7 rows or periods
  • Each period corresponds to a principle energy level
  • Moving from left to right the properties of the elements within a period change
  • Moving from one period to the one above or below the properties repeat.

Columns share similar chemical properties

37
Q

Periodic law

A

• when atoms are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties

38
Q
  • Blue labels -

* Red labels -

A
  • Blue labels - used by scientists in Europe

* Red labels - used by scientists in U.S

39
Q

Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids

A

• across a period the properties of elements becomes less metallic and more nonmetallic

40
Q

Metals

A

80% of elements are metals
• Properties of metals:
• Good conduction if heat and current
• A cut or shined surface will have a high sheen
• Solid at room temperature (except mercury)
• Ductile - can be drawn into wires
• Malleable - can be hammered into thin sheets

41
Q

Non metals

A

Nonmetals
• in the upper right corner of the periodic table plus hydrogen
• A variation of forms and properties
• solids - brittle
• Poor conductors of heat and electricity
• Except for Carbon!

42
Q

Metalloids

A

separates the metals from the nonmetals
• Properties similar to metals and nonmetals
• Behavior depends on conditions
• Silicon is a nonconductor, mixed with boron it becomes a conductor

43
Q

Define Alkali

A

Alkali comes from Arabic al quail meaning ashes

44
Q

Define halogens

A

Comes from Greek word Hal’s meaning “salt” and the Latin word genesis meaning “to be born”

45
Q

Electron configuration in groups

A

Electron configuration in groups
• elements can be sorted into:
• Noble gases: section 8a their s and p energy levels are full and satisfied
• Representative elements: groups 1A through
• Display a wide range of physical and chemical properties, some are metals, some are nonmetals and some are metalloids
• Transition metals: these elements are characterized by the presence of electrons in the d sub level
• Inner transition metals- f group
• Based on their electron configuration

Chemistry 6 (8 decks)

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