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Anatomy Ch 6&7 > 6&7 > Flashcards

6&7 Flashcards

1
Q

The ____ pelvis has a broader pubic arch and wider pelvic outlet the ilia are wider and more flared and the sacrum and coccyx are shorter and less curved

A

Female

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2
Q

The female pelvis is
Lighter in weight
Ilia are wider and more flared
Pubic arch is wider
Pelvic inlet is more rounded
The pelvic outlet boarded by public joint and coccyx is larger
The sacrum and coccyx are shorter and less curved

A

Know

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3
Q

Infant ____ is “soft spots” they are flexible regions that allow the skull to compress and change the shape during the birth process

A

Fontanels

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4
Q

Infant ____ allow rapid brain growth during infancy

A

Fontanels

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5
Q

____ is where the bones in this type of joint are held together so tightly that they cannot love in relation to one another. They use fibrous tissue to join the bones so they are often described as fibrous joints. Ex is suture between bones of the skull

A

Synarthrosis

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6
Q

____ is the type of joint that is slightly moveable example is the radius and ulna are joined by a large band of fibrous tissue that permits slight movement so this is a fibrous, sometimes called cartilaginous joints

A

Amphiarthrosis

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7
Q

____ is where they are freely moveable joints. They have space between them called joint cavity and synovial fluid also called synovial joints

A

Diarthrosis

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8
Q

___ is the joint type that is located between the Punic bones of the pelvis- the pubic synthesis and between bodies of vertebrae

A

Amphiarthrosis

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9
Q

___ are the type of joint to use fibrous tissue to join to the bones. Sutures between skull

A

Synarthrosis

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10
Q

____ is a joint type that is gliding, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle and ball and socket joints

A

Diarthrosis

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11
Q

A joint cavity that contains synovial fluids

A

Diarthrosis

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12
Q

What joint has no joint cavity, cartilage or sometimes fibrous tissue between bones

A

Amphiarthrosis

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13
Q

What joint has to do with pubic synthesis, joints between vertebral bodies

A

Amphiarthrosis

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14
Q

What joint has fibrous: no joint cavity, fibrous connective tissue between bones and is sutures between skull bones

A

Synarthrosis

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15
Q

___ tissue is the densest form of the connective tissue

A

Bone tissue

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16
Q

When ____ extends off the long bone it becomes a ligament or a tendon

A

Periosteum

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17
Q

____ ___ is where yellow marrow is located and does not produce blood cells

A

Medullary cavity

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18
Q

What factors influence bone growth and maintenance?

A 
Phosphorus
Ca+ blood>bone 
Thyroxine (thyroid) protein synthesis 
Calcitonin (thyroid) 
Growth hormone anterior pituitary 
Activity
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19
Q

Three abnormal curvatures of the spine

  1. Kyphosis
  2. Scoliosis
  3. Lordosis
A

Know

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20
Q

____ is a curvature of the thoracic spine

A

Kyphosis

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21
Q

____ is the lateral S shape curve of the thoracic spine

A

Scoliosis

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22
Q

___ is the curvature of the lumbar spine

A

Lordosis

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23
Q

____ is the shaft of long bones

A

Diaphysis

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24
Q

___ is the ends of long bones

A

Epiphysis

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25
Q

____ builds bone tissue

A

Osteoblasts

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26
Q

___ are large multinucleated cells responsible for resorption

A

Osteoclasts

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27
Q

___ mature osteoblasts that become trapped in the bone matrix

A

Osteocyte

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28
Q

____ ____ is where yellow bone marrow is located and is the center of diaphysis (maintains bone tissue)

A

Medullary cavity

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29
Q

___ means a hole

A

Foramen

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30
Q

____ is soft spots that are anterior and posterior. Makes it possible for the skull to change and grow

A

Fontanel

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31
Q

____ is joints that connect the bone

A

Sutures

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32
Q

___ is a depression on bone surface.

A

Fossa

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33
Q

___ is a distinct border or ridge, often rough, such as over the top of the hip bone

A

Crest

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34
Q

___ is a large projection of a bone

A

Process

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35
Q

___ is a cavity or hollow space. Most commonly an air filled chamber found in some skull bones

A

Sinus

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36
Q

___ is a joint; an area of junction or union between two or more structures

A

Articulation

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37
Q

____ is a cord of regular dense connective tissue that attaches muscle to a bone

A

Tendon

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38
Q

___ is a band of connective tissue that connects a bone to another bone

A

Ligament

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39
Q

___ is a central pole or line around which a structure may revolve. The second cervical vertebra

A

Axis

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40
Q

The first vertebrae is called the \\

A

Atlas

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41
Q

Second vertebra is called the

A

Axis

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42
Q

____ is where there is slight tension in muscle at all times.. steady contraction

A

Tone

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43
Q

____ means that me muscle can stretch

A

Extensibility

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44
Q

_____ is where a muscle can get short or thick and pulls on a bone

A

Contractibility

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45
Q

____ is able to respond to a stimulus

A

Irritability

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46
Q

____ is a where the muscle can stretch and return to normal size

A

Elasticity

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47
Q

___ is where the muscle begins. Immovable part

A

Origin

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48
Q

____ is where the muscle ends and this part moves

A

Insertion

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49
Q

____ is dense regular connective tissue. Cordlike- muscle to bone or muscle to muscle

A

Tendon

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50
Q

_____ is a neurotransmitter that affects muscle movement and memory

A

Acetylcholine

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51
Q

____ is a helping muscle

A

Synergist

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52
Q

____ is a muscle that does opposite movement

A

Antagonist

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53
Q

___ ___ is a main muscle

A

Prime mover

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54
Q

_____ ____ is a nerve that comes in contact with the muscle but doesn’t touch

A

Neuromuscular junction

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55
Q

____ is light tone, muscled are weak and flabby

A

Atony

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56
Q

______ means large muscle

A

Hypertrophy

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57
Q

____ is a wasting away of muscle tissue

A

Atrophy

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58
Q

___ is a hairlike bundle of muscle fibers within a muscle

A

Fascicle

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59
Q

_____ is necessary for muscle movement. Has 3 phosphorus 1 protein and it makes energy

A

atp

60
Q

___ is the study of muscles

A

Myology

61
Q

What are the three functions of muscle tissue

A
  1. Movement of skeleton
  2. Maintenance of posture
  3. Generation of heat
62
Q

____ muscle makes up walls of hollow body organs as well as blood vessels and respiratory passages. Contracts involuntary. This muscle contracts and relaxes slowly and can remain contracted for a long time

A

Smooth muscle

63
Q

___ muscle is involuntary. Makes up heart wall and creates pulsing action of the organ. Striated. Have intercalated discs. Produce cardiac contractions and can be modified by nervous stimuli and hormones

A

Cardiac

64
Q

___ muscle appears heavily striated and is voluntary. UsuLly contracts and relaxes rapidly. Produces movement at the joints and muscles of the abdominal wall.

A

Skeletal

65
Q

The types of muscle tissue are

A

Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Skeletal muscle

66
Q

What muscle tissue is involuntary and produces peristalsis. Contests and relaxes slowly and may sustain a contraction

A

Smooth muscle

67
Q

What muscle tissue is at the wall of the heart and has branching networks, intercalated disks and single nucleus, slightly striated. It pumps blood out of the heart by self excitery but influenced by nervous system and hormones

A

Cardiac muscle

68
Q

What muscle tissue is attached to bones and is multinucleated and heavily striated it produces movement at joints and is stimulated by nervous system and contracts and relaxes rapidly

A

Skeletal muscle

69
Q

What systems contribute to the muscular system and how

A
  1. Respiratory- breathing. O2 goes into blood to muscles
  2. Cardiovascular system- blood that transports O2 to muscles
  3. Digestive system- we eat food that provides energy and nutrients for the muscles
  4. Nervous system- each muscle needs a nerve for movement
  5. Hormone- epinephrine
  6. Endocrine system
70
Q

What substances are needed for muscle contraction and describe functions

A
  1. Frontal lobe of brain has to work
  2. Cerebellum- coordinates muscle movement
  3. Nerve impulses- stimulate mucus to contract
  4. Neuron& motor neuron- motor movement
    5 ATP- energy currency
  5. Calcium
71
Q
  1. Strong framework supports and protects all body structures
  2. Works with muscle to produce movement at the joints
    Are all functions of the ____
A

Skeleton

72
Q

___________ marrow is round in spongy bone and at the ends of the long bones at the center of the other bones

A

Red bone marrow

73
Q

_____ marrow manufactures blood cells

A

Red bone marrow

74
Q

____ marrow is found cheifly in central cavities of the long bones. Composed largely of fat

A

Yellow bone marrow

75
Q

______ marrow is in greater need by children and long bones of babies. Needed for new blood cells

A

Red bone marrow

76
Q

_____ skeleton has 80 bones, bony framework of head and trunk. Body’s axis

A

Axil skeleton

77
Q

____ skeleton has 126 bones forming framework of extremities and for shoulders and hips. “Appendages”

A

Appendicular skeleton

78
Q

In the ____ skeleton. The upper division of each side include the shoulder, the arm, the forearm, the wrist, hand and fingers

A

Appendicular Skelton

79
Q

The lower part of the ____ skeleton is the hip, thighs, legs, ankle, foot and toes

A

Appendicular skeleton

80
Q

The appendicular skeleton can be divided into two groups

  1. Shoulder girdle
  2. Upper extremity
A

Know

81
Q

The shoulder girdle consists of the ____ & ____

A

Clavicle and scapula

82
Q

What bone is inside the eye socket and has sinuses, superior part of the septum

A

Ethmoid bone

83
Q

____ bone has sinuses, in eye orbit and is infront of the temporal area, also at the base of the skull. Pituitary gland is under it

A

Sphenoid

84
Q

____ bone is behind the sphenoid bone and is infront of, on top of, and behind the ear

A

Temporal bone

85
Q

____ is the two bones located at the top of the skull

A

Parietal

86
Q

_____ is the cheek bone

A

Zygomatic

87
Q

____ is the lower jaw only moveable bone in skull

A

Mandible

88
Q

____ is the upper jaw and has sinuses

A

Maxilla

89
Q

____ is the inner Cantus of the eye, this is where tears are

A

Lacrimal

90
Q

___ is the lower part of the septum and projects out of the nose

A

Vomer

91
Q

____ is the forehead it is one bone and has sinuses

A

Frontal

92
Q

____ is one bone around the lower part of the back of the skull

A

Occipital

93
Q

___ is U shaped and is attached to the muscles under the mandible and is attached to the tongue

A

Hyoid

94
Q

____ is the bone of the nose

A

Nasal

95
Q

____ is the first cervical vertebrae

A

Atlas

96
Q

___ is the second vertebrae and assists I’m turning the head

A

Axis

97
Q

___ is the breast bone and is where most ribs are attached and there’s red bone marrow

A

Breast bone

98
Q

___ is the collar bone and helps make up the pectoral girdle. The sternum is attached

A

Clavicle

99
Q

____ is shoulder blades

A

Scapula

100
Q

_____ ____ , your body has seven of these in your neck C1-C7

A

Cervical vertebrae

101
Q

_____ _____, there are 12 vertebrae attached to 12 ribs

A

Thoracic vertebrae

102
Q

____ is part of the sternum, most superior part and is where the 1st ribs are attached

A

Manubrium

103
Q

_____ ____ is a sharp inferior projection of the sternum

A

Xiphoid process

104
Q

_____ ____ is where there are 5 vertebrae and they are large

A

Lumbar vertebrae

105
Q

______ ____ is between butt cheeks and has 5 bones counted as one.

A

Sacral vertebrae

106
Q

___ is the tail bone and has many fused to one and spinal bones

A

Coccyx

107
Q

___ is a bone that you have two of and have anterior pelvic bones

A

Pubic

108
Q

____ is the most inferior posterior bone of the pelvis and you sit on it. Has a tuberosity

A

Ischium

109
Q

____ ____ is the cartilage between pubic bones. It’s a joint

A

Pubic synthesis

110
Q

_____ ____ is directly attached to the sternum

A

True ribs

111
Q

____ ____ are attached to the thoracic vertebrae but do not connect to the sternum. You have 5 pair. 1st bottom 3 have cartilage and no direct attachments

A

False ribs

112
Q

_____ ____ is the elbow Process on ulna bone

A

Olecranon process

113
Q

___ is the knee cap and is a radial home. Sessamoid bone in a ligament or tendon

A

Patella

114
Q

___ is the upper part of the arm bone and has a head

A

Humerus

115
Q

____ is the forearm bones and lateral bone is on the thumb side

A

Radius

116
Q

___ is the forearm bones and is C shaped and how you distinguish is the medial bone on pinky side

A

Ulna

117
Q

_____ ___ is where there are holes in the sacral area for nerves and blood vessels

A

Sacral formina

118
Q

____ ___ is ridge like sharp projects

A

Scapular spine

119
Q

____ ___ is part of the scapula and is the head of the arm home that sits in the socket

A

Glenoid cavity

120
Q

____ is wrist bones and there are 8 of these

A

Carpals

121
Q

_____ are 5 bones in the palm of your hand

A

Metacarpals

122
Q

_____ are your fingers and there are 14 of these bones per hand

A

Phalanges

123
Q

____ is the big toe and it has two bones

A

Hallux

124
Q

____ is the thumb bone and has two bones

A

Pollex

125
Q

___ is the thigh bone

A

Femur

126
Q

___ is the medial bone and the shin bone- weight bearing bone

A

Tibia

127
Q

____ is the smaller lateral leg bone, pinky toe side

A

Fibula

128
Q

_____ ____ is the lateral side below head and neck of the femur

A

Greater trochanter

129
Q

____ ____ is the medial side below the head and neck of the femur

A

Lesser trochanter

130
Q

_____ are the ankle bones and there are 7 of these

A

Tarsals

131
Q

_______ are the five foot bones of the arch of the foot

A

Metatarsals

132
Q

____ is the heel bone (tarsal bone

A

Calcaneus

133
Q

_____ ____ is the projections of the tibia bone at an angle area

A

Medial malleolus

134
Q

____ ____ is the projections of the fibula at an angle area

A

Lateral malleolus

135
Q

____ are inside the middle of the war and has three small bones and the bones amplify the sound

A

Ossicles

136
Q

_____ are also the toes 14 of these in each foot

A

Phalanges

137
Q

tibia bone sits on this

A

Talus

138
Q

____ ____ is projection located behind the ear

A

Mastoid process

139
Q

_____ ____ is a large hole in the skull and connects brain and spinal cord

A

Foramen magnum

140
Q

______ is the hip mommy tnat is. Socket for femoral to sit in

A

Acetabulum

141
Q

_____ ____ is a projection of the scapula

A

Acromion process

142
Q

_____ ____ is large holes in the pelvis

A

Obturator foramen

143
Q

_____ ____ is the posterior surface of the femur for hamstring muscles to attach

A

Linea aspera

144
Q

____ looks like the hammer of the ear

A

Malleus

145
Q

___ is anvel looking and is in the inner ear

A

Incus

146
Q

____ is in the inner ear and looks like staples

A

Stapes

Anatomy Ch 6&7 (1 decks)

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