#6 Flashcards
The ____ is that part of the DNA sequence of the genetic makeup of a cell/organism that determines a specific characteristic of that cell/organism.
Genotype
The ____ is the composite of an organisms observable characteristics or traits, morphology, behavior, physiological properties.
Phenotype
_____ results from variations in a single gene.
Monogenic phenotypes
______ results from variations in multiple genes.
Polygenic phenotypes
T or F, Genotypic variations can produce phenotypic differences in pharmacokinetics (drug concentration) or Pharmacodynamics (response).
True!
What are consequences of Slow acetylation?
Bad potential side effects that you don’t need to worry about yet…
_____ is important in the oxidation of many drugs.
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes
About 25% of drugs are metabolized by _______.
CYP2D6 Enzyme
How does CYP2D6 work?
It removes methyl groups from oxygen (o-demethylation)
What occurs with CYP2D6 poor metabolizers?
They have a higher incidence of adverts side effects because drug reaches higher concentrations or sticks around longer than it should.
What is Tamoxifen?
Estrogen receptor antagonist used to treat breast cancer *CYP2D6 is required to create the functional antagonist so CYP2D6 poor metabolizes have poor outcomes with this drug.
Some codeine is converted to morphine by _______.
CYP2D6
What problems might CYP2C9 poor metabolizes have?
Serious bleeding complications
______ can induce prolonged apnea in poor metabolizers of CYP2C9.
Succinylcholine
What does a Ryanodine receptor do?
Mediates calcium-mediated calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle (This is different from IP3 mediated release)
