6 Flashcards
A single syllable that reverberates across time and space, encapsulating the raw power of explosives.
Boom
are primarily used as propellants.
Low explosives
Their primary effect is to push rather than shatter
Low explosives
TYPES OF EXPLOSIVES (based on speed of chemical reaction)
- Low Explosives
- High Explosives
The explosion caused by low explosives is _____
controllable
A mixture of potassium nitrate, charcoal, and sulfur.
Black Powder
It has been historically used in firearms and fireworks.
Black Powder
have a rapid rate of decomposition and cause an intense
shattering effect.
High explosives
Contains nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine. It produces
less smoke compared to black powder and reduces the muzzle flash when firing weapons.
Smokeless Powder
They produce uncontrollable explosions.
High Explosives
Their design is to shatter objects and destroy them
High Explosives
These are highly sensitive to heat, shock, and friction
under normal conditions.
Primary Explosives
- is a type of explosive material that is highly sensitive and can explode easily upon exposure to heat, shock, or friction.
Readily Detonating Explosives (RDE)
These explosives are inherently dangerous due to their instability and rapid reaction properties
Readily Detonating Explosives (RDE)
These are relatively insensitive to heat, shock, and
friction. Instead of detonating, they burn.
Secondary Explosives
Secondary Explosives
Examples include:
o Dynamite
o Gelatine
o Plaster Gelatine
o Ajax
o Supergel.
are highly versatile and powerful explosive materials that
exhibit plasticity, resembling putty or molding clay.
Plastic explosives
They are specifically designed to be malleable and easy to shape, making them ideal for various military applications.
Plastic explosives
Due to their plastic nature, these explosives adhere well to different surfaces, making them particularly useful for attaching to structures or objects.
Plastic Explosives
have a high detonation velocity, meaning that they explode with tremendous force.
Plastic Explosives
Examples of Military Explosives
C4 - Composition 4
HMX - High Melting Explosive
PETN- Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate
RDX- Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine
Semtex
is a plastic explosive substance used in military combat units for demolition.
C4 - Composition 4
The active component of composition C4 is ____
hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine, also
known as RDX (Royal Demolition Explosive).
It is also known as octogen and cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine, as well as by other names
HMX - High Melting Explosive
is used in various kinds of explosives, rocket fuels, and
burster chargers.
HMX (Octogen)
HMX (Octogen) is an acronym for High Melting Explosive. It is also known as _____
octogen and cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine
is a nitrate ester explosive commonly used in commercial detonators.
Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN)
Although its degradation properties have been studied
extensively, very little information has been collected on its thermal stability in the molten state due to the fact that its melting point is only -20 °C below its onset of decomposition.
Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN)
is a hard, white crystalline solid, insoluble in water and only slightly soluble in some other solvents.
RDX- Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine
Sensitive to percussion, its principal nonmilitary use is in
blasting caps.
RDX- Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine
It is often mixed with other substances to decrease its sensitivity.
RDX- Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine
is a general-purpose plastic explosive.
Semtex
It is used in commercial blasting, demolition, and in certain military applications.
Semtex
became notoriously popular with terrorists because it was, until recently, extremely difficult to detect.
Semtex
TYPES OF EXPLOSIONS
- Chemical Explosions
- Decomposition Explosions
- Deflagration Explosions
- Detonation Explosions
- Exotic or Nuclear Explosions
These explosions occur due to spontaneous chemical reactions.
Chemical Explosions
When certain substances react, they release a large volume of rapidly expanding gas in an extremely brief period.
Chemical Explosions
Chemical explosives are widely used in_____
engineering applications.
, the chemical decomposition of an explosive material occurs.
In decomposition explosions
This process can take varying durations—ranging from years to mere fractions of a second.
decomposition explosions
The gradual breakdown of the explosive substance leads to the release of energy in the form of gas.
Decomposition Explosions
involves the propagation of an aflame front through the explosive material
Deflagration
occurs at a slower pace.
deflagration
Common examples of deflagrating explosives include
black powder and smokeless powders
is a more intense explosive phenomenon
Detonation
It occurs when the decomposition is propagated by an explosive shock wave.
Detonation
High explosives like TNT and dynamite fall into this category. They decompose rapidly, generating immense pressure.
Detonation Explosion
These involve sustained nuclear reactions that release
massive amounts of energy almost instantaneously
Nuclear Explosions
These are less common but equally powerful.
High-Intensity Laser or Electric Arc Explosions
Nuclear explosions, in particular, have been studied for various purposes, including potential ____
petroleum extraction
