5F - Transition elements definitions

Question 1

d-block element

Answer 1

A element that has electrons entering the d-subshell

Question 2

Transition element

Answer 2

A d-block element that forms at least one ion with an incomplete d-subshell

Question 3

Catalyst

Answer 3

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by providing the reaction with an alternative route that has a lower activation energy. It alos doesn’t get used up in the process

Question 4

Adsorption

Answer 4

THINK ADHERE!

The process that occurs when a gas, liquid or solute is held the the surface pf a solid where the chemical reaction takes place on

Question 5

Precipitate

Answer 5

An insoluble ionic solid formed when 2 aqueous solutions react together

Question 6

Complex ion

Answer 6

A transition metal bonded to ligands by coordinate bonds

Question 7

Co-ordinate bond

Answer 7

(Same definition as a dative covalent bond)

A shared pair of electrons in which the bonded pair has been provided by one of the bonded atoms only

Question 8

Ligand

Answer 8

A species that can donate pair of electrons to the transition metal ion

Question 9

Monodentate ligand

Bidentate ligand

Polydentate ligand

Answer 9

Monodentate ligand = A ligand using 1 pair of electrons to form a single co-ordinate bond to a central metal ion

Bidentate ligand = A ligand using 2 pairs of electrons to form 2 co-ordinate bond to a central metal ion

Polydentate ligand = A ligand using several pairs of electrons to form several co-ordinate bonds to a central metal ion

Question 10

Stereoisomers

Answer 10

Compounds with the same structural formula but a differemt arrangement of atoms in space

Question 11

Optical isomers (in the context of complex ions)

Answer 11

Transition metal surrounded by ligands such that if reflected in a mirror will form 2 non superimposable images

Question 12

Enantiomers

Answer 12

A pair of optical isomers

Question 13

Hyperbaric oxygen

Answer 13

Oxygen above normal atmospheric pressure