5C-Intelligence

Question 1

Intelligence

Answer 1

Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.

Question 2

Intelligence Test

Answer 2

A method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.

Question 3

General Intelligence (g)

Answer 3

A general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.

Question 4

Factor Analysis​

Answer 4

A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score.

Question 5

Savant Syndrome

Answer 5

A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.

Question 6

Grit

Answer 6

In psychology, grit is passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals

Question 7

Emotional Intelligence​

Answer 7

The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.

Question 8

Mental Age​

Answer 8

A measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. Thus, a child who does as well as the average 8-year-old is said to have a mental age of 8.

Question 9

Stanford-Binet​

Answer 9

The widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet’s original intelligence test

Question 10

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)​

Answer 10

Defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100. On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100, with scores assigned to relative performance above or below average.

Question 11

Achievement Test​

Answer 11

A test designed to assess what a person has learned

Question 12

Aptitude Test

Answer 12

A test designed to predict a person’s future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn

Question 13

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale​

Answer 13

The WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests.

Question 14

Standardization​

Answer 14

Defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group.

Question 15

Normal Curve (normal distribution)

Answer 15

A symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data; most scores fall near the mean (about 68 percent fall within one standard deviation of it) and fewer and fewer near the extremes

Question 16

Reliability​

Answer 16

The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting.

Question 17

Validity​

Answer 17

The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to. ()

Question 18

Content Validity​

Answer 18

The extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest. (

Question 19

Predictive Validity​

Answer 19

The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior.

Question 20

Cohort​

Answer 20

A group of people from a given time period.

Question 21

Crystallized Intelligence​

Answer 21

Our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age.

Question 22

Fluid Intelligence​

Answer 22

Our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood

Question 23

Intellectual Disability​

Answer 23

A condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life

Question 24

Down syndrome​

Answer 24

A condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.

Question 25

Heritability​

Answer 25

The proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. The heritability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied.

Question 26

Stereotype Threat​

Answer 26

A self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype