5A - Role of ATP in Photosynthesis Flashcards
Why do all organisms require a constant supply of energy?
All organisms require a constant supply of energy to maintain their cells and sustain life.
Give examples of energy usage in organisms.
Energy is required for anabolic reactions, active transport, muscle contraction, and conduction of nerve impulses.
What is ATP?
ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate and is used as the universal energy currency within cells.
What is the structure of ATP?
ATP consists of adenine, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups.
How is ATP produced from ADP?
ATP is produced by the addition of inorganic phosphate (Pi) to adenosine diphosphate (ADP).
What is the process called when ATP is produced by the electron transport chain?
The process is called oxidative phosphorylation and occurs in the mitochondria during respiration.
What is photophosphorylation?
Photophosphorylation is the production of ATP in chloroplasts during photosynthesis using light energy.
What happens when ATP is hydrolyzed?
Hydrolysis of ATP releases inorganic phosphate (Pi) and a small amount of energy that can be used by the cell.
What enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP?
The enzyme ATPase catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP.
What is the process called when ATP is converted back to ADP and Pi?
The process is called dephosphorylation.
How can ADP and Pi be recycled to make more ATP?
ADP and Pi can be recombined through phosphorylation to regenerate ATP.
What is the role of ATP in muscle contraction?
ATP powers the interaction between actin and myosin filaments during muscle contraction.
What is the role of ATP in active transport?
ATP provides energy to move substances across cell membranes or within cells against their concentration gradients.
What is the role of ATP in anabolic reactions?
ATP provides the necessary energy for building new molecules from the products of digestion.
What is the function of ATP in the conduction of nerve impulses?
ATP is involved in maintaining ion gradients across the neuronal membrane for nerve impulse transmission.
How is ATP related to DNA and RNA?
ATP is structurally similar to the nucleotides that make up DNA and RNA.
What is the significance of ATP as the universal energy currency?
ATP is used as a common energy carrier in all known forms of life.
What happens when one phosphate group is removed from ATP?
Removal of one phosphate group creates adenosine diphosphate (ADP).
What happens when two phosphate groups are removed from ATP?
Removal of two phosphate groups creates adenosine monophosphate (AMP).
Where does the hydrolysis of ATP occur?
The hydrolysis of ATP occurs within cells, releasing energy for cellular processes.
What’s the difference between ATPase and ATP synthase?
ATPase breaks down of ATP while ATP synthase synthesises of ATP.
