5A- Photosynthesis Flashcards
Define “ATP (Adenine Triphosphate)”
Adenine Triphosphate is the main immediate source of chemical energy in a cell, powering most cellular processes; when a phosphate group is removed, energy is released and ADP is formed.
Define “Photosynthesis”
Photosynthes is a chemical reaction in which light energy is used to convert the inorganic compounds carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into the organic compound glucose; occurs in the chloroplast.
Define “Cellular Respiration”
Cellular respiration is a series of chemical reactions in which the organic compound glucose is broken down, producing various products (depending on presence or absence of oxygen) and energy stored in ATP.
Define “Chlorphyll”
Chlorophyll is the green pigment on the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts of green plants; absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
Define “Granum”
Granum is (plural grana) a stack of thylakoid membranes inside the chloroplast of plant and algae cell.
Define “Thylakoid Membrane”
Thylakoid membranes are disc-shaped, interconnected, membrane-bound compartments inside a chloroplast that make up the grana and are the location of the pigment chlorophyll, and therefore the
site of the light dependent stage of photosynthesis.
Define “Stroma”
Stroma is the gel-like fluid inside a chloroplast which surrounds the grana; site of the light independent stage of photosynthesis.
Define “Light-Dependent Stage”
The Light dependent stage is the first stage of photosynthesis; occurs in the thylakoid membranes and involves the splitting of water using light energy.
Define “Light Independent Stage”
The Light Independent Stage is the second
stage of photosynthesis; occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast and involves the use of carbon dioxide to create glucose; also called the Calvin Cycle or carbon fixation.
Define “Photolysis”
Photolysis is the splitting of water using the light energy from the Sun.
Define “ADP (adenine diphosophate)”
ADP (adenosine diphosphate) is a compound composed of adenosine and two phosphate groups that can store energy when another inorganic phosphate group is added, forming ATP.
Define “NADP+”
NADP+ is a coenzyme that accepts and transfers hydrogen ions from one place to another during photosynthesis.
