5.7.4 Glycolysis Flashcards
What is Gylcolysis?
Glycolysis is the first stage of respiration
It takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell and involves:
Trapping glucose in the cell by phosphorylating the molecule
Splitting the glucose molecule in two
It results in the production of
2 Pyruvate (3C) molecules
Net gain 2 ATP
2 reduced NAD
What are the steps of glycolysis?
Phosphorylation: glucose (6C) is phosphorylated by 2 ATP to form fructose bisphosphate (6C)
Glucose + 2ATP → Fructose bisphosphate
Lysis: fructose bisphosphate (6C) splits into two molecules of triose phosphate (3C)
Fructose bisphosphate → 2 Triose phosphate
Oxidation: hydrogen is removed from each molecule of triose phosphate and transferred to coenzyme NAD to form 2 reduced NAD
4H + 2NAD → 2NADH + 2H+
Dephosphorylation: phosphates are transferred from the intermediate substrate molecules to form 4 ATP through substrate-linked phosphorylation
4Pi + 4ADP → 4ATP
Pyruvate is produced: the end product of glycolysis which can be used in the next stage of respiration
2 Triose phosphate → 2 Pyruvate
