57 - overview Flashcards
Parasite and parasite host interactions
Parasite - live in/on another organism and benefits at the host expense.
Life cycle - simple/complex (no. hosts)
Parasitism - symbiotic relationship where host is harmed to some degree whilst benefiting parasite
Commensalism - benefit one but not harm host
Mutualism - benefit both
Definitive host - final stage of parasite (sexual repro)
Intermediate host - Intermediate stage (assexual reproduction)
Reservoir host - maintain population in nature + can spread + reintroduce to human population
Paratenic host - parasite viable but x more development (can be passed to another host - carrier/transporter
Some are pathogen - toxic effects ( from metabolic products), mechanical effects (direct from parasite), spoiliative effect (deprive hosts e.g. hookworms), transmission effect (transmit+spread infections and parasitic disease - VECTORS), sensitization effect (repeated admin > amplify response)
Hosts have cellular and humoral response
Parasitic disease - transmissive (obligate via specific vector/ facultative via vectors + food, water/ transovarial via eggs)
Classification
Origin: zooparasites (scavengers, predators and A relationship of species in symbiosis)
Where live in host/ time spent in host
Ectoparasites - surface of body
Endoparasites - w/i body inc blood & intestinal parasites
Monoxenous - req 1 host
Heteroxenous - req 1+ host
Temporary (only visit for food)/ Stationary (significant part of development)/ Periodic/ Permanent
Obligate (not survive w/o host), faculative (can exists free living/commensal>parasitic)
Subkingdom protozoa Phylum sacromatigophora (ameba, flagellates) ciliophora (ciliates) Apicomplexa (sporazoa, coccidia) Microspora (microsporida)
Subking Metazoa (multicell) Nematoda (roundworms) Platyhelminthes (flatworms) Trematodes (flukes) Cestodes (tapeworm) Arthopoda Chilopoda (centipedes) Pentasomida (tongue worms) Crustacea Arachnida (mites, ticks, spiders, scorpions) Insecta (mosquitos, flies, lice, fleas, wasps, ants, beetles etc)
