560H Flashcards
__________is most abundant in women and stimulates hypothalamus to secrete GnRH, which causes the ______ gland to secrete FSH and LH.
Estriol, ovary
Estradiol,ovary
Estriol, pituitary
Estradiol, pituitary
Estradiol, pituitary
Which hormone helps with the maturation of sperm and a healthy libido?
Estrogen
Testosterone
Free T4
DHT
Estrogen
Which hormones stimulates thickening of uterine wall during menstrual cycle?
Estrogen
testosterone
Progesterone
Estrogen
_____ prepares the uterus for fertilized ovum and maintains the pregnancy….also inhibits the action of testosterone and the production of GnRH.
Estrogen
Progesterone
Progesterone
Which deficiency can increase risk of impaired mental and physical development?
Iodine
Zinc
Calcium
Folate
Iodine
Low ____ is related to poor sperm quality
Iodine
Zinc
Calcium
Folate
Zinc
How much iron is appropriate to supplement?
18mg
27mg
39mg
18mg
Which are PMS treatments?
Ovulation prevention with meds
SSRIs
Supplements (calcium, chasteberry, etc)
All of the above
All
Primary tx for PCOS is to INCREASE _______ via diet, exercise/weight loss
Hormone levels
Iron stores
Insulin sensitivity
Insulin sensitivity
PCOS sx improve greatly with a _____% weight loss.
2-5
5-10
10-15
5-10
PKU is inherited.
T/F
True
PKU affects which enzyme?
Phenylalanine decarboxylase
Phenylalanine synthase
Tyrosine hydroxylase
Phenylalanine hydroxylase
PAH - phenylalanine hydroxylase
Infertility is the involuntary absence of pregnancy and lack of conception after 1 year of unprotected intercourse.
T/F
T
Inadequate nutrition is not a factor in infertility
T/F
False….it has a significant impact
What is the condition marked by simultaneous presence of eating disorder, menstrual dysfunction, and osteoporosis in otherwise healthy female athletes?
Female athlete triad
What is CHO intolerance during pregnancy is most like type 2 DM?
Gestational diabetes
The placenta is formed on days 10-14, which is the ___ stage of development.
Zygote
Embryo
Morula
Embryo
2-8 weeks, major organs begin to develop, heart beats, intestines develop….which stage?
Embryonic
Gestational period
Blastocyst
Gestational period
Skeleton calcifies, breathing of amniotic fluid begins, hair grows during the
1st trimester
2nd
3rd
2nd
Fetus begins storing fat, glycogen, and nutrients in the
1st
2nd
3rd trimester
3rd
Underweight women should gain _____ pounds during pregnancy.
25-35
28-40
40-50
28-40
Obese women should gain ____ pounds during pregnancy
Zero
5-10
11-20
21-30
11-20
Energy needs increase in pregnancy mainly due to protein and fat tissue synthesis and expanding metabolically active tissues.
T/F
T
Avg increased calorie need is ____ during 2nd trimester
280
340
452
500
340
Avg increased calorie need is ____ during 3rd trimester
280
340
452
500
452
Overall, the avg increase in calories needed during the entire pregnancy is_____
300
350
400
450
300
Which B-complex vitamin is poorly produced in humans but plays a role in phospholipids within the cell membranes and as intracellular messengers? (dose is 450mg daily)
biotin
choline
ethanolamine
choline
Which vitamin plays a role in reactions involved in cell division? Excess can be teratogenic
A C E D K
A
Upper limit of Vitamin D during pregnancy?
2000 IU
4000 IU
6000 IU
8000 IU
4000
Ca(2+) recommended amount per day during pregnancy?
500mg
750mg
1000mg
1200mg
1000
In the last quarter of pregnancy, how much additional calcium is recommended? (On top of the 1000mg regularly recommended)
200
300
450
600
300mg
Using laxatives for constipation during pregnancy is acceptable.
T/F
False, they are not recommended
there are 3 stages of lactogenesis
T/F
True
Which 2 hormones are necessary for establishing milk supply?
Estrogen and prolactin
Oxytocin and progesterone
Prolactin and oxytocin
Progesterone and Estrogen
Oxy and Prolactin
The Letdown reflex
Stimulates milk release from the breast
Stimulates hunger in the infant
Causes the baby to suckle
Causes colic
stimulates milk release from breast
What is thick, often yellow fluid produced during lactogenesis during 1-3 days postpartum?
Colostrum
Low protein content of human milk meets the infant’s needs without overloading the immature kidneys
T/F
True
Infants use fats more regularly for generating energy than older children
T/f
True
Early introduction of cow’s milk protects against iron deficient anemia
T/F
False, it can CAUSE it
Soybean infant formulas are good for constiapted babies
T/F
False, can cause constipation
Low birth weight is less than 5 pounds 8 ounces.
T/F
True
Protein recommendations are lower for infants due to lower muscle activity
T/F
True
5-10 years of age is….
early childhood
middle childhood
preadolescence
middle childhood
Preadolescence has different ages for boys and girls
T/F
True
Boys undergo preadolescence at ages….
8-10
10-12
12-14
10-12
Girls age of preadolescence is
9-11
11-13
12-14
9-11
PKU patients need to avoid protein rich foods, including dairy
T/F
True
