56. Structure of the internet Flashcards
Describe the physical structure of the internet.
Each continent uses backbone cables connected by trans-continental leased lines fed across the sea beds. National Internet Service Providers (ISP’s) connect directly to this backbone and distribute the internet connection to smaller providers who in turn provide access to individual homes and businesses
What does URL stand for?
Uniform Resource Locators
what is a URL?
the full address for an internet resource, it specifies the location of a resource on the internet, including the name and usually the file type, so that a browser can go and request it from the website server.
what is the purpose of a domain name?
identifies the area or domain that an internet resource resides in
what does IP stand for?
Internet Protocol
What is a IP address?
a unique address that is assigned to a network device.
an IP address performs a similar function to a home mailing address.
what is the purpose of internet registrars.
needed to ensure that a particular domain name is only used by one organisation
hold records of all existing website names and the details of those domains that are currently available to purchase.
these companies act as resellers for domain names and allow people and companies to purchase them
what are internet registries?
global organisations that store world wide databases that hold records of all the domain names currently issued to individuals and companies, and their details.
The registries also allocate IP addresses and keep track of which address(es) a domain name is associated with as part of the Domain Name System (DNS)
What does FQDN stand for?
Fully Qualified Domain Name
what does a FQDN include?
host server name
what are some example of FQDN’s? when would different ones be used?
www
mail
ftp
dependent on where the resource being requested is hosted e.g web, mail or ftp server
what does the IP address indicate?
where a packet of data is to be sent or has been sent from.
how do routers use IP addresses?
use the address to direct the data packet accordingly.
If the domain name is associated with a specific IP address, the IP address is the address of the server the website resides on.
