5.3.1 Transition Elements

Question 1

Chromium and copper electron configuration

Answer 1

4s sub-shell only fills singly

Question 2

What is a transition element

Answer 2

D-block element that form at least one ion with a partially filled d-orbital

Question 3

What d-block elements don’t classify as transition elements

Answer 3

Scandium and zinc
Sc3+ and Zn2+

Question 4

Properties of transition elements

Answer 4

Form compounds in which transition element has different oxidation states
Form coloured compounds
Elements and their compounds can act as catalysts

Question 5

Use of iron catalyst

Answer 5

Haber process, manufacture of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) -> 2NH3 (g)

Question 6

Use of vanadium (V) oxide (V2O5) (s) catalyst

Answer 6

Contact process, production of sulphur trioxide from oxidation of sulphur dioxide
2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) -> 2SO3 (g)

Question 7

Use of nickel catalyst

Answer 7

Hydrogenation of vegetable fats to form margarine

Question 8

Use of manganese (IV) oxide (s) catalyst

Answer 8

Catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide forming oxygen
2H2O2 (aq) -> 2H2O (l) + O2 (g)